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Professor G: This is Why Millennials Are the Most Anxious & Unhappy Generation

By Lewis Howes

The School of Greatness podcast explores the economic and social factors contributing to rising anxiety and unhappiness among younger generations, particularly millennials. Professor Scott Galloway outlines how government policies and economic forces have inadvertently caused a wealth transfer from younger to older generations, leaving many young adults struggling with lower incomes and delayed life milestones like home ownership.

The episode delves into the mental health crisis facing young men, attributed partly to societal pressures around traditional masculinity and a lack of male role models. Galloway and host Lewis Howes discuss the importance of mentorship in guiding young men through personal challenges and providing the structured support they may be lacking.

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Professor G: This is Why Millennials Are the Most Anxious & Unhappy Generation

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Professor G: This is Why Millennials Are the Most Anxious & Unhappy Generation

1-Page Summary

Intergenerational Wealth Transfer

According to Scott Galloway, major economic policies have inadvertently caused a significant shift of wealth from younger to older generations. Tax deductions largely benefiting the elderly, increases in Social Security costs versus child tax credits, and government aid during COVID-19 buoying older assets have contributed to this wealth transfer. Young adults today earn considerably less and face barriers to milestones like home ownership, Galloway states, leading to mental health issues, reduced civic engagement, and declining birth rates.

Challenges Facing Young Men

Galloway and Lewis Howes explore the mental health crisis among young men. Howes highlights young men's higher risks of addiction, incarceration and suicide. Howes attributes this partly to men suppressing emotions due to traditional masculinity pressures and a lack of positive male role models. Galloway notes the education system disadvantages boys who mature slower than girls, exacerbated by a scarcity of male teachers in early education.

Mentorship's Impact

Howes shares how male mentors guided him through personal challenges, crediting their structured support for his development when he lacked a father figure. While crucial, Howes states suspicions about men mentoring boys have created barriers. He calls for changing perceptions to encourage more male mentorship for young men to prevent negative outcomes.

1-Page Summary

Additional Materials

Clarifications

  • Scott Galloway highlights how major economic policies have unintentionally shifted wealth from younger to older generations. Factors like tax deductions favoring the elderly, higher Social Security costs compared to child tax credits, and COVID-19 aid benefiting older individuals have contributed to this wealth transfer. This has led to challenges for young adults in achieving milestones like home ownership, impacting mental health, civic engagement, and birth rates. Galloway's perspective underscores the need to address these disparities to ensure a more equitable distribution of wealth and opportunities across generations.
  • Young adults today often face challenges in earning enough income due to factors like stagnant wages and rising living costs. These financial constraints can make it difficult for them to achieve traditional milestones like owning a home. The disparity in income levels and financial opportunities between younger and older generations can exacerbate these obstacles for young adults. This economic imbalance can impact their mental well-being, societal engagement, and even influence decisions like family planning.
  • The economic challenges faced by young adults, such as lower earnings and barriers to homeownership, can lead to increased stress and anxiety, contributing to mental health issues. These financial struggles can also impact their ability to participate in community activities and engage in society, leading to reduced civic engagement. Additionally, the financial strain may influence decisions around starting a family, contributing to declining birth rates among young adults.
  • Lewis Howes explores the mental health challenges faced by young men, highlighting their increased vulnerability to issues like addiction, incarceration, and suicide. He attributes some of these challenges to societal expectations around traditional masculinity, which can lead men to suppress their emotions. Howes also points out the impact of a lack of positive male role models and the educational system's potential disadvantages for boys. Overall, his exploration underscores the need for better support systems and mentorship to address the mental health crisis among young men.
  • Traditional masculinity pressures can include societal expectations for men to be stoic, strong, and not show vulnerability. This can lead to men suppressing their emotions, which may contribute to mental health issues. A lack of positive male role models can further exacerbate these challenges by limiting healthy examples for young men to emulate.
  • Boys in the education system can face disadvantages compared to girls due to factors like differing rates of maturity, with boys often maturing at a slower pace than girls. This can lead to challenges in keeping up with academic expectations and may contribute to lower academic performance. Additionally, the scarcity of male teachers in early education settings can further impact boys, as they may lack male role models and mentors in their formative years. These factors can collectively create an environment where boys may encounter obstacles in their educational journey.
  • Male mentors play a crucial role in guiding young men through personal challenges by providing support, advice, and positive role modeling. They can offer unique perspectives and insights that young men may not receive from other sources. Male mentors can help young men navigate difficult situations, build confidence, and develop important life skills. Their guidance can have a significant impact on the mental health and well-being of young men, especially in the face of societal pressures and expectations.
  • In the context of men mentoring boys, suspicions and barriers can arise due to concerns about inappropriate behavior or intentions, especially in one-on-one interactions. These concerns stem from a desire to protect young individuals from potential harm or abuse. Addressing these suspicions involves implementing clear guidelines, background checks, and training to ensure safe and beneficial mentorship relationships. Encouraging open communication and transparency can help alleviate doubts and promote positive mentorship experiences for both mentors and mentees.
  • Encouraging more male mentorship for young men involves challenging traditional stereotypes that suggest men should not show vulnerability or seek guidance. By changing these perceptions, more men may feel empowered to engage in mentorship roles, providing crucial support and guidance to younger generations. This shift can help address issues like mental health struggles and social challenges faced by young men. Ultimately, promoting male mentorship can lead to positive outcomes and healthier development for young men.

Counterarguments

  • Economic policies may not be the sole or primary cause of wealth transfer; other factors like technological change, globalization, and individual financial decisions also play significant roles.
  • Tax deductions for the elderly could be seen as a recognition of their contribution to society and a means of ensuring they have a secure retirement, rather than a preferential treatment.
  • The assertion that government aid during COVID-19 has disproportionately buoyed older assets could be countered by noting that such aid was often crucial for the survival of businesses and the economy as a whole, which benefits all generations.
  • While young adults may face barriers to milestones like home ownership, this could also be attributed to changing preferences and priorities among younger generations, such as valuing experiences over ownership or choosing to live in urban areas with higher living costs.
  • Mental health issues among young adults could be influenced by a broader range of societal and individual factors beyond economic challenges, such as the impact of social media, lifestyle choices, and increased awareness and diagnosis of mental health conditions.
  • The crisis among young men could be addressed by broader societal changes that redefine masculinity and promote emotional intelligence, rather than solely focusing on the presence of male role models.
  • The education system's disadvantages for boys could be mitigated by a variety of educational approaches and does not necessarily require an increase in male teachers, as effective teaching is not gender-specific.
  • The role of male mentors is important, but it is also crucial to recognize the value of female mentors and the potential for cross-gender mentorship to provide diverse perspectives and role modeling.
  • Concerns about men mentoring boys may stem from legitimate safety considerations, and addressing these concerns requires careful policy and vetting rather than simply changing perceptions.
  • Encouraging male mentorship is important, but it should be part of a broader strategy that includes improving mental health services, education reform, and community support systems to address the challenges facing young men.

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Professor G: This is Why Millennials Are the Most Anxious & Unhappy Generation

The intergenerational transfer of wealth and its impact on young people

Scott Galloway provides an analysis of how the last three decades of economic policies have shifted wealth from younger to older generations, impacting the financial and social well-being of today's young adults.

Economic policies and decisions have resulted in a significant transfer of wealth from young to old generations.

Over the years, major economic policies and decisions have inadvertently caused a wealth transfer from the younger generation to the older one, asserts Galloway. He highlights how the two major tax deductions—on capital gains and mortgage interest—mostly benefit older individuals who are more likely to own stocks and homes. Furthermore, Galloway notes the stark contrast in wealth accumulation, where the average 70-year-old is 72% wealthier than 40 years ago, while those under 40 are 24% less wealthy. Critical policy decisions, such as the increased cost of living adjustment for Social Security recipients costing $135 billion per year, versus the removed proposal for a $35 billion increase in child tax credit, exemplify the prioritization of older citizens over younger ones. This prioritization is reflected in a sharp decline in child-bearing among 30- to 34-year-olds and a declining sense of patriotism among the younger generation.

The COVID-19 pandemic further exacerbated this wealth transfer

The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated this transfer of wealth, with government aid programs and market interventions that buoyed the assets of the older and wealthier population. Galloway insinuates that the wealth distribution disparities have been accentuated during the pandemic, solidifying the already uneven economic playing field for younger generations.

Young people today are struggling financially compared to previous generations at the same age.

Young adults today face significant economic hurdles compared to their parents, Galloway points out. On an inflation-adjusted basis, they're earning considerably less than what their parents did at the same age. This financial strain has made milestones like home ownership increasingly elusive, as the pro ...

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The intergenerational transfer of wealth and its impact on young people

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Clarifications

  • A Cost of Living Adjustment (COLA) for Social Security recipients is an increase in benefit payments to account for inflation and rising living expenses. It ensures that the purchasing power of Social Security benefits keeps pace with the cost of goods and services. COLAs are typically calculated based on the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) to adjust benefits annually. This adjustment helps retirees and other Social Security beneficiaries maintain their standard of living as prices rise over time.
  • Comparing inflation-adjusted earnings between young adults and their parents involves adjusting income figures for inflation to account for changes in purchasing power over time. This comparison helps assess how the real earning power of different generations has evolved, highlighting any disparities or improvements in financial well-being across age groups. By adjusting for inflation, researchers can make more accurate comparisons of income levels between different time periods, providing insights into how economic conditions have changed for young adults compared to previous generations. This analysis is crucial for understanding trends in income growth, economic opportunities, and int ...

Counterarguments

  • Economic policies may not be the sole factor in wealth distribution; technological advancements and globalization also play significant roles.
  • Tax deductions on capital gains and mortgage interest can incentivize investment and homeownership, which can benefit the economy as a whole.
  • The wealth comparison between 70-year-olds and those under 40 may not account for the natural accumulation of wealth over a lifetime, including savings and investments.
  • Some policy decisions that appear to prioritize older citizens, like Social Security, are based on the premise of supporting individuals who are no longer in the workforce.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic's economic impact was multifaceted, and some younger individuals benefited from market opportunities and remote work.
  • Comparing the earnings of young people today with their parents' past earnings may not account for changes in job types, education levels, and the modern economy.
  • The decrease in home ownership among young people could also be influenced by changing preferences and urbanization, not just financial constraints.
  • Mental health issues among young people ...

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Professor G: This is Why Millennials Are the Most Anxious & Unhappy Generation

The emotional, mental, and social challenges facing young men

Scott Galloway and Lewis Howes explore the multifaceted challenges that young men face, from mental health issues to the lack of support in educational settings.

Young men are struggling with significant emotional and mental health issues.

Young men today confront a serious mental and emotional health crisis.

Young men are significantly more likely than young women to struggle with addiction, incarceration, and suicide.

Galloway highlights the stark statistics that young men are four times more likely to commit suicide, half as likely to attend college, three times more likely to be addicted, and twelve times more likely to be incarcerated than their female counterparts. He mentions that these issues are escalating, potentially affecting the emotional viability of young men. Furthermore, he notes that socio-economic factors can exacerbate mental health challenges; for instance, men might experience issues like erectile dysfunction more frequently when their female partners earn more.

The absence of positive male role models and the broader cultural pressure on men to suppress their emotions have exacerbated these mental health challenges.

Howes conveys the difficulty of navigating emotional expression within traditional frameworks of masculinity, sharing his struggles with the consequences of keeping emotions suppressed, like anger and feelings of emptiness. He also discusses how the silence around these struggles can lead to problematic and sometimes aggressive behaviors. Galloway reflects on previous societal attitudes towards mental struggle, where men were expected to cope alone, often resulting in suicide or other severe outcomes.

The educational system is not well-suited to the unique developmental needs of young men.

The education system is failing to address the particular developmental timeline and needs of young men.

Boys generally mature 18-24 months later than girls, putting them at a disadvantage in school environments that reward traits more common in girls.

Galloway points out that boys typically mature at a slower rate than girls, with their prefrontal cortex developing up to two years later. Th ...

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The emotional, mental, and social challenges facing young men

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Counterarguments

  • While young men do face significant challenges, it's important to recognize that young women also confront serious mental health issues, and the comparison can sometimes overshadow the struggles that young women face.
  • The higher rates of addiction, incarceration, and suicide among young men could be influenced by a variety of factors, including societal expectations and gender roles, rather than inherent male traits or deficiencies.
  • While the absence of positive male role models is a concern, it's also important to acknowledge the positive impact that female role models and educators can have on young men.
  • The assertion that the educational system is not well-suited to the unique developmental needs of young men could be seen as a generalization; there are many boys who thrive in the current educational environment.
  • The developmental timeline of boys maturing later than girls is a general trend and does not apply to all individuals; there are many boys who mature at the same ...

Actionables

  • You can start a peer support chat group for young men using a popular messaging app to create a safe space for sharing emotions and experiences. By doing this, you provide an accessible platform for young men to express themselves and find solidarity with others facing similar challenges. For example, create a group on WhatsApp or Telegram, set ground rules for respectful and confidential communication, and invite young men from your community or social circles to join.
  • Encourage young men you know to engage in volunteer work that involves mentorship, like tutoring or coaching, to fill the gap of positive male role models. This not only provides them with a sense of purpose but also connects them with younger individuals who could benefit from their guidance. For instance, reach out to local schools or youth organizations to see if they have any programs that could use volunteers and suggest this opportunity to young men in your life.
  • Create a simple blog or video series that highlights ...

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Professor G: This is Why Millennials Are the Most Anxious & Unhappy Generation

The Importance of Male Role Models and Mentorship for Young Men

In a spirited discussion, Lewis Howes and other commentators underscore the profound impact male role models and mentors have on the lives and development of young men.

Young men without positive male role models are at greater risk of negative outcomes.

Lewis Howes shares his own experience on the essential role of male leadership in his life, especially during challenging times.

Adolescent boys from single-parent households, especially those without a father figure, are more likely to engage in risky behaviors and struggle with emotional and mental health.

Lewis Howes speaks poignantly about the void left by his father after a car accident and how it led to his own struggle with insecurity and feelings of inadequacy. He recounts how thoughts of worthlessness and suicidal ideation were part of his experience, suggesting that such thoughts may be more prevalent in boys and young men without positive male figures.

Programs that connect young men with male mentors have shown promising results in improving outcomes.

The presence and guidance of male mentors and coaches provided Howes with a structured environment and clear goals, which he credits as a positive influence. He highlights the benefits of male mentorship at several stages of his life and notes that being open to guidance (being "coachable") was crucial to his personal development.

The broader culture has created barriers to men's involvement in the lives of young boys.

Despite the recognized need for male mentorship, contemporary societal challenges can impede men's willingness to serve as mentors.

Unfounded suspicions about the motives of men who want to mentor young boys have made it difficult for well-intentioned men to step into that role.

There is an existing concern about unnecessary suspicion that hinders men from getting involved in mentoring roles, affecting the support system for young men who lack male figures in their lives.

Encouraging more men to serve as positive role models and mentors for young boys, without judgment, could have a significant impact.

Howes and ...

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The Importance of Male Role Models and Mentorship for Young Men

Additional Materials

Counterarguments

  • While male role models can be beneficial, it's important to recognize that positive role models of any gender can provide valuable mentorship to young men.
  • The focus on male mentorship might inadvertently undervalue the impact of female mentors, who can also offer important perspectives and guidance to young men.
  • The assumption that the absence of a male role model directly leads to negative outcomes may overlook other factors such as socioeconomic status, community resources, and individual personality traits.
  • Some programs that connect young men with mentors may not account for the diverse needs of all young men, particularly those from different cultural or socioeconomic backgrounds.
  • The narrative that men are often viewed with suspicion when wanting to mentor may not reflect the experiences of all communities or organizations, which might have robust male mentorship involvement without such issues.
  • Emphasizing the need f ...

Actionables

  • You can start a casual book club focused on male characters and role models in literature, inviting young men and peers to discuss and reflect on positive traits. By choosing books that feature strong, positive male figures, you can facilitate conversations that help young men identify and emulate these characteristics in their own lives. For example, reading and discussing Atticus Finch's role in "To Kill a Mockingbird" could spark discussions on integrity and empathy.
  • Offer to share your skills or hobbies through informal teaching sessions at local community centers or youth clubs. By teaching something you're passionate about, like woodworking, coding, or even cooking, you provide young men with a structured activity and the opportunity to develop a mentoring relationship naturally. For instance, setting up a weekly cooking group where you teach simple, healthy recipes can be a starting point for mentorship and imparting life skills.
  • Create a digital storytelling project where you invite men from ...

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