Podcasts > The Mel Robbins Podcast > The Truth About Anxiety & ADHD: Life-Changing Tools From a Renowned Psychiatrist

The Truth About Anxiety & ADHD: Life-Changing Tools From a Renowned Psychiatrist

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In this episode of the Mel Robbins Podcast, Dr. Tracey Marks provides valuable insights into anxiety and ADHD. She describes the physical and cognitive manifestations of these conditions and explains their complex, bidirectional relationship. The episode explores how anxiety and ADHD can exacerbate each other, creating a cyclical pattern.

Dr. Marks offers practical strategies to manage anxiety and ADHD, emphasizing the importance of lifestyle factors like sleep, diet, and exercise. She also introduces cognitive-behavioral techniques, such as interoceptive exposure for anxiety and task-breaking for ADHD. The episode equips listeners with a better understanding of these conditions and actionable tools to improve their well-being.

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The Truth About Anxiety & ADHD: Life-Changing Tools From a Renowned Psychiatrist

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The Truth About Anxiety & ADHD: Life-Changing Tools From a Renowned Psychiatrist

1-Page Summary

The Nature and Experience of Anxiety and Adhd

Dr. Tracey Marks discusses anxiety as a full-body experience with physical symptoms like muscle tension and digestive issues, resulting from the fight-or-flight response. Mel Robbins shares how anxiety involves racing thoughts and imagining worst-case scenarios.

Marks characterizes ADHD as executive dysfunction, impacting focus, organization, emotional regulation. People with ADHD struggle with task-shifting, sustaining attention, and engage in self-soothing behaviors like nail-biting.

The Relationship Between Anxiety and ADHD

Marks explains how ADHD contributes to anxiety through disorganization and lack of focus. Robbins relates her son's challenges, highlighting how emotional dysregulation in ADHD exacerbates anxiety due to an overactive amygdala.

The conditions have a bidirectional relationship. Marks describes how ADHD's executive dysfunction prompts anxiety around productivity. Conversely, anxiety impairs executive functions like emotion regulation, creating a cyclical pattern between the two.

Strategies and Tools For Managing Anxiety and Adhd

Lifestyle Factors

Marks emphasizes sleep, diet, and exercise as crucial lifestyle factors regulating anxiety and ADHD. Balanced sleep restores the brain, while healthy foods and exercise promote positive neurological effects.

Cognitive Strategies

Marks suggests cognitive-behavioral techniques like interoceptive exposure to desensitize the fear response to physical anxiety sensations. For ADHD, she advises breaking tasks into steps, celebrating small wins, and employing the "five-minute rule" against procrastination.

1-Page Summary

Additional Materials

Counterarguments

  • While anxiety often involves physical symptoms and racing thoughts, not all individuals with anxiety experience these symptoms in the same way; some may have more subtle or less intense symptoms.
  • ADHD is indeed associated with executive dysfunction, but it's important to recognize that ADHD symptoms and their severity can vary widely among individuals.
  • The relationship between ADHD and anxiety is complex, and while disorganization and lack of focus can contribute to anxiety, there are also many other factors that can influence this relationship, such as genetics, environment, and personal history.
  • Emotional dysregulation in ADHD can exacerbate anxiety, but it's also possible for individuals with ADHD to develop effective coping strategies that mitigate this effect.
  • The bidirectional relationship between anxiety and ADHD is not always present in every individual, and some may experience one condition without the other.
  • Lifestyle factors like sleep, diet, and exercise are important, but they may not be sufficient on their own to manage anxiety and ADHD for everyone; some individuals may require additional interventions such as medication or therapy.
  • Cognitive-behavioral techniques and strategies for managing ADHD, such as breaking tasks into steps, can be effective, but they may not work for everyone, and some individuals may benefit from alternative approaches or additional support.
  • The "five-minute rule" against procrastination may not address the underlying issues of procrastination for all individuals with ADHD, and some may require more comprehensive strategies.

Actionables

  • You can track your physiological anxiety responses with a wearable device that monitors heart rate variability (HRV). By observing patterns in your HRV, you can identify specific times of day or activities that heighten your anxiety, allowing you to preemptively manage these situations with relaxation techniques or schedule changes.
  • Create a "task transition ritual" to ease the shift between activities. This could be a short sequence of actions, like stretching, deep breathing, or a quick walk, that signals to your brain it's time to change focus. By consistently practicing this ritual, you'll train your brain to switch tasks more smoothly, reducing the stress associated with task-shifting.
  • Develop a personalized "emotion thermometer" to gauge your emotional state throughout the day. This can be a simple scale from 1 to 10, where you regularly check in with yourself and note down your emotional intensity level. Over time, you'll be able to detect patterns and triggers for emotional dysregulation, enabling you to implement proactive strategies to maintain emotional balance.

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The Truth About Anxiety & ADHD: Life-Changing Tools From a Renowned Psychiatrist

The Nature and Experience of Anxiety and Adhd

Dr. Tracey Marks specializes in anxiety, ADHD, and mood disorders, providing insight into how these conditions affect people both mentally and physically. Mel Robbins shares her personal experiences with anxiety and ADHD, adding a personal perspective to the clinical discussion.

Anxiety Is a Full-Body Experience With Physical and Mental Symptoms Like Racing Thoughts, Tension, Exhaustion

Tracey Marks underscores the global rise in anxiety, attributing it to societal factors such as the digital world, constant comparisons on social media, and information overload. Anxiety is a full-body experience that includes mental symptoms like worrying and fear, as well as physical manifestations such as muscle tension and exhaustion. People may experience exhaustion at the end of a day from sitting with tense muscles, such as neck and shoulder muscles, which is often done unconsciously.

Anxiety Triggers a Sympathetic Response, Releasing Adrenaline and Cortisol, Causing Dry Mouth, Racing Heart, and Digestive Issues

Marks explains that anxiety triggers the sympathetic nervous system, historically meant for fight or flight in response to perceived threats. This response includes the release of adrenaline and cortisol, causing symptoms like a racing heart, digestive issues, and a dry mouth. Remarks also note that physical manifestations of anxiety, like a "pit in the stomach," are related to gastrointestinal changes due to increased stress hormones.

Anxiety Involves Imagining the Worst-Case Scenario

Mel Robbins describes anxiety as having a racing brain and feeling overwhelmed. Part of the anxiety experience involves imagining the worst-case scenarios or assuming negative judgments from others in social situations. Alyssa's fear of vomit, for instance, causes her to avoid situations and contributes to an anxious state characterized by tension or exhaustion.

Adhd Involves Executive Dysfunction: Focus, Organization, Time Management, Emotional Regulation Issues

Tracey Marks comments on challenges such as set shifting and switching attention effectively. ADH ...

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The Nature and Experience of Anxiety and Adhd

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Actionables

  • You can create a "worry window" in your daily schedule where you allow yourself to focus on anxieties for a set amount of time, then consciously set them aside for the rest of the day. This helps contain the mental space that anxiety occupies and can reduce its impact on your day-to-day life. For example, spend 15 minutes in the morning writing down your worries, then close the notebook and move on to other activities, knowing you'll revisit them the next day.
  • Develop a sensory toolkit with items that provide calming stimulation, which can be used to manage ADHD-related fidgeting and self-soothing behaviors. This could include stress balls, textured fabrics, or scented oils. When you notice the urge to engage in self-soothing behaviors, reach for an item from your toolkit instead to provide a healthier form of ...

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The Truth About Anxiety & ADHD: Life-Changing Tools From a Renowned Psychiatrist

The Relationship Between Anxiety and ADHD

The relationship between Anxiety and ADHD is complex. Both can exacerbate each other, leading to a cyclical pattern of symptoms.

ADHD Can Increase Anxiety Due to Disorganization and Difficulty Focusing

ADHD can significantly contribute to anxiety due to its inherent symptoms impacting organization and focus.

Emotional Dysregulation in ADHD Amplifies Anxiety as the Prefrontal Cortex Struggles With an Overactive Amygdala

Tracey Marks and Mel Robbins discuss the challenges faced by individuals with ADHD and how these can lead to increased anxiety.

Robbins speaks about her son's undiagnosed difficulties, which surfaced as anxiety, while Marks highlights that the disorganization of thought in ADHD can evoke feelings of being out of control. This in turn leads to anxiety about one's performance and ability to be productive.

Robbins relates to the loss of control over attention and details, expressing that this can result in a pervasive feeling of inadequacy. The compromised executive functions associated with ADHD further contribute to increased anxiety because of difficulties with organization and focusing. Specifically, there's a struggle in managing an overactive amygdala by the prefrontal cortex, leading to an amplification of fears and persistent worry. For instance, tics, which are more prevalent among those with ADHD, are exacerbated by anxiety.

Marks further explains that emotional dysregulation observed in individuals with ADHD intensifies anxiety; an overactive amygdala, unchecked by the prefrontal cortex, allows fears and worst-case scenarios to predominate.

Anxiety and ADHD: A Bidirectional Relationship

Anxiety and ADHD are linked in a bidirectional manner, suggesting that each condition can prompt or worsen the other.

Marks elucidates how ADHD can give rise to what she describes as a secondary form of anxiety. The root of this anxiety can be traced back to the disorganization in thought pro ...

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The Relationship Between Anxiety and ADHD

Additional Materials

Counterarguments

  • While ADHD can contribute to anxiety, not all individuals with ADHD will experience anxiety, suggesting variability in how ADHD symptoms manifest and are managed.
  • Emotional dysregulation is a common feature of ADHD, but it is not universal, and some individuals with ADHD may have effective coping strategies that mitigate anxiety.
  • The concept of a secondary form of anxiety specific to ADHD could be challenged by the notion that anxiety disorders can exist independently of ADHD and may not always be a direct result of ADHD-related disorganization.
  • The bidirectional relationship between anxiety and ADHD, while supported by some research, may not fully account for the influence of external factors such as environmental stressors, which can also impact both conditions.
  • Executive dysfunction in ADHD is a broad concept, and not all individuals with ADHD will struggle with all aspects of executive function to the same degree.
  • [restricted term] deficits are one of many neurochemical factors implicated in ADHD, and focusing solely on [restricted term] may oversimplify the complex neurobiology of the disorder.
  • The assertion that individuals with ADHD often experience heightened anxiety c ...

Actionables

  • You can create a visual organization system to manage tasks and reduce anxiety by using color-coded notes and labels in your living and workspaces. For example, use green for tasks related to personal growth, blue for work-related tasks, and yellow for urgent matters. This visual cueing can help prioritize and compartmentalize different aspects of your life, making it easier to focus and reducing the overwhelm that can lead to anxiety.
  • Develop a habit of mindfulness meditation to improve emotional regulation and attention diversion. Start with just five minutes a day, focusing on your breath or a simple mantra, to train your brain to redirect attention away from negative thoughts. Over time, this practice can help you gain control over your emotional responses and reduce anxiety.
  • Implement a "worry window" in your daily routine ...

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The Truth About Anxiety & ADHD: Life-Changing Tools From a Renowned Psychiatrist

Strategies and Tools For Managing Anxiety and Adhd

Dr. Tracey Marks offers guidance on thriving for those grappling with ADHD and anxiety, while the discussions with Mel Robbins add further insight into managing these conditions through lifestyle adjustments and cognitive strategies.

Lifestyle Factors Like Sleep, Diet, and Exercise Regulate Anxiety and Adhd

Marks emphasizes that choices in sleep, diet, and exercise significantly affect anxiety management. She suggests an inventory check on these factors as they deeply influence the brain and body's functioning.

Balanced Sleep, Diet, and Exercise Restore Brain and Body, Reducing Anxiety and Adhd

A balanced lifestyle includes maintaining a stable sleep pattern as sleep deprivation exacerbates anxiety. Marks points out that rest is crucial for the brain to regenerate and process information. She also discusses diet, highlighting that high sugar and heavily processed foods can create inflammation and disrupt gut health, leading to negative brain signals and making it harder to manage anxiety. As for exercise, Marks notes the benefits of increased brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), which promotes nerve regeneration and the formation of positive habits.

Cognitive-Behavioral Techniques Like Interoceptive Exposure and Grounding Help Interrupt Anxiety Cycles and Control Symptoms

Cognitive strategies play a role in transforming the brain positively. Progressive muscle relaxation is one such strategy Marks recommends for releasing muscle tension caused by anxiety.

Interoceptive Exposure Triggers Physical Sensations in Controlled Settings to Desensitize Fear Response

Interoceptive exposure is presented as a technique to mitigate the fear response by deliberately experiencing physical sensations that trigger anxiety in a safe environment. For example, spinning in a chair might help someone become less anxious about dizziness. The aim is to help individuals realize that these sensations aren't inherently dangerous and they can cope with them.

Managing Adhd: Habits to Reduce Cognitive Load and Anxiety

Marks introduces concepts and habits to help alleviate cognitive load and anxiety in individuals with ADHD. Differ ...

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Strategies and Tools For Managing Anxiety and Adhd

Additional Materials

Counterarguments

  • While lifestyle factors like sleep, diet, and exercise are important, they may not be sufficient for everyone. Some individuals with ADHD and anxiety may require medication or more intensive therapy to manage their symptoms effectively.
  • Cognitive-behavioral techniques are useful, but they may not work for all individuals. Some people may find other therapeutic approaches, such as acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) or dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), more effective.
  • Interoceptive exposure can be beneficial, but it might not be suitable for everyone, especially those with severe anxiety or trauma-related disorders. Alternative desensitization techniques or therapies may be necessary.
  • Breaking tasks into steps and celebrating wins is a helpful strategy, but it may oversimplify the challenges faced by individuals with ADHD. Some may struggle with the executive function required to plan and execute even small steps.
  • The idea of focusing on one lifestyle change each month assumes a linear progression that may not reflect the co ...

Actionables

  • You can create a "habit roadmap" by drawing a simple flowchart that outlines your daily routines, identifying where you can integrate new habits like a short walk after lunch or a wind-down routine before bed. This visual aid serves as a constant reminder and can help you see where lifestyle changes can fit into your existing schedule without overwhelming you.
  • Develop a "sensory toolkit" with items that stimulate different senses, such as stress balls, scented candles, or a playlist of nature sounds, and use them when you feel anxious to practice grounding techniques. By engaging your senses, you can distract your mind from anxiety triggers and learn to associate these items with a state of calm.
  • Start a "small ...

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