In this episode of The Mel Robbins Podcast, Dr. Gabor Maté explores how childhood experiences, both traumatic events and seemingly small instances of unmet needs, shape a person's physiology, psychology, emotional health, and behaviors into adulthood. Maté differentiates between "Big T" traumas like abuse and "Little T" traumas from emotional neglect, explaining their lasting impacts on stress responses, relationships, and well-being.
The conversation highlights how trauma responses are adaptations for survival, not inherent flaws. Maté emphasizes the importance of self-compassion, understanding these responses without self-blame, and addressing the root causes of trauma to heal. Ultimately, healing frees individuals from the tyranny of the past, allowing reconnection with their authentic selves and innate human needs like joy and self-expression.
Sign up for Shortform to access the whole episode summary along with additional materials like counterarguments and context.
Dr. Gabor Maté explains that maternal stress during pregnancy can pass stress hormones like cortisol to the fetus, affecting brain development. A depressed mother's emotional state impacts her interaction and ability to foster healthy brain growth in the child.
Maté discusses how even subtle differences in childhood experiences with parents or caregivers shape each child's unique physiology and psychology. While "Big T" traumas like abuse have major impacts, "Little T" traumas from unmet needs can be just as influential. Mel Robbins illustrates how her postpartum depression created an early trauma for her daughter.
Maté describes "Big T" traumas like poverty, racism, abuse, neglect, and parental illness that are linked to higher disease risks and lasting psychological impacts.
Maté highlights the vital need for maternal closeness after birth. He explains how lacking unconditional acceptance or having emotional needs dismissed can lead children to internalize feelings of being unlovable or unworthy.
Maté states that trauma prevents proper stress regulation development, dysregulating the stress mechanism and leading to inflammation and issues like autoimmune disease.
Maté and Robbins discuss how emotional trauma causes maladaptive coping behaviors like addictions, as well as shame that blocks recognizing and expressing true needs and feelings.
Maté articulates that shame, perfectionism, and other trauma impacts are adaptations to survive, not inherent flaws. Robbins shares how Maté warned against self-blame for her trauma responses.
Maté emphasizes having compassionate curiosity towards oneself. Recognizing trauma responses as adaptations to abnormal circumstances, not personal failings, allows responsibility and transformation.
Maté highlights the importance of self-awareness to understand trauma's impacts. Healing involves recognizing suffering, getting curious without blame, and seeking help and support.
Maté suggests healing from trauma allows individuals to reconnect with their authentic selves and innate human needs like joy, play, and creativity that trauma had suppressed.
1-Page Summary
Dr. Gabor Maté, an authority on childhood development and its long-term effects, helps unravel how the foundation for our adult wellbeing is built from early life experiences, spanning from prenatal to early childhood development.
Dr. Gabor Maté points out that maternal emotional states during pregnancy significantly influence a child's brain development and stress responses. He notes that stress hormones like cortisol can pass from the mother through the placenta, affecting the nervous system and brain circuitry of the developing fetus. Infants whose mothers experienced severe stress, such as PTSD during the third trimester of pregnancy, displayed abnormal stress hormone levels a year later. This can greatly impact their brain development and physiological health.
Maté adds that a child can feel their desirability or lack thereof while in utero, which can lead to lingering feelings of abandonment. Moreover, studies have indicated that postpartum depression in mothers can contribute to a higher risk of ADHD in children.
Children of depressed mothers are seen to have distinguishable electroencephalograms (EEGs) as early as six months old. A depressed mother might struggle to provide the smiling, playful, and attuned interaction necessary for healthy brain development, subsequently affecting the child's cognitive and emotional growth.
Gabor Maté discusses how differences in birth order, economic situations, parents' relationships, and unique temperaments mean no siblings experience identical upbringings. These individual experiences with parents or caregivers shape each child's physiology and psychology. While "Big T" traumas like abuse and neglect have a significant impact, "Little T" traumas, which may arise from more subtle unmet needs, can be just as influential.
Impact of Early Childhood and Prenatal Experiences on Adult Functioning
Dr. Gabor Maté and Mel Robbins discuss the profound impacts of both "Big T" traumas, such as abuse or loss, and "Little T" traumas, stemming from unmet needs in early childhood.
Dr. Maté elaborates on conditions such as poverty and racism, which are considered "Big T" traumas. These events affect one's physiology and can lead to a higher risk of diseases such as autoimmune diseases, cancer, addiction, and mental health problems. He further discusses "Big T" traumas that affect children, including physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, neglect, parental addiction or illness, violence in the family, contentious divorce, and social factors like poverty and racism. These traumatic events have been well-documented for their lasting detrimental effects on health and psychological well-being.
Maté talks about the vital need for a newborn child to remain close to the mother for months after birth because human babies are the least developed among mammals at birth. This need underscores the necessity for constant closeness, touch, and security provided by the mother. He describes practices where early separation occurs, like in the US, where 25 percent of women return to work within two weeks of giving birth, as a massive abandonment, contributing to internal wounding due to the unmet needs of the infant.
Furthermore, Dr. Maté emphasizes that children can experience "Little T" traumas not just from harmful experiences, but also from a lack of essential positive experiences. ...
Distinction Between "Big T" and "Little T" Traumas and Their Effects
Dr. Gabor Maté's work emphasizes that childhood trauma shapes mental and physical health throughout a person’s life, affecting everything from stress response and inflammation to immune issues and other health problems, as well as emotional health and behaviors in adulthood.
Dr. Maté discusses the connection between traumatic events and long-term health problems. He explains that trauma can lead to inflammation and health issues like autoimmune diseases, cancer, and mental health challenges. Trauma affects how genes are expressed and can dysregulate the body's stress mechanism, leading to an overproduction of stress hormones. This, in turn, impacts the body's ability to manage stress and can lead to a host of problems, including bone thinning, hypertension, and heart disease.
Maté also links early stress, such as that experienced in the womb from maternal depression, to children developing ADHD and other mental health issues. He maintains that trauma interferes with developing the body's stress regulation apparatus, which is not innate in children but develops over time. When childhood trauma occurs, it disrupts this development, potentially impacting stress management into adulthood.
Dr. Maté shares his personal experiences and the deep psychological wounds trauma inflicted on his body and psyche. He explains that trauma can result in maladaptive coping mechanisms, such as addictions and people-pleasing behaviors.
Gabor Maté and Mel Robbins discuss how trauma leads to behaviors and psychological strategies that, while protective at the moment, can distort adult emotional health and relationships. Robbins shares her struggles with hyper-vigilance, anxiety, and how her daughter is responding to early emotional neglect.
Maté suggests that variations in a parent’s response to a child can lead to different experiences of attunement that impact emotional health into adulthood. He also reflects on how people minimize their childhood experiences due to the overwhelming nature of the original pain, which can lead to a disconnection from their bodies and feelings.
Dr. Maté highlights how trauma can create a pers ...
Impact of Childhood Experiences on Adult Health, Emotions, Relationships, and Behaviors
Gabor Maté and Mel Robbins discuss the importance of recognizing trauma responses as survival strategies rather than flaws or defects. They emphasize the need for self-compassion and a non-judgmental understanding of these adaptations to foster healing.
Gabor Maté articulates that the negative self-perceptions such as shame, self-loathing, self-criticism, and perfectionism are responses to traumatic experiences rather than intrinsic character flaws. He underscores that there is nothing inherently wrong with individuals who experience these feelings; they can be transformed to allow individuals to become their true selves. Maté points out that hyper vigilance and the belief that it is their job to maintain peace are adaptations from childhood aimed at survival and mistakenly become entangled with identity. Trauma impacts, such as difficulty feeling emotions, are thus adaptations rather than signs of personal damage or fault.
Mel Robbins shares a traumatic experience, and Gabor Maté warns against self-blame for trauma responses. Maté explains that disassociation is another defense mechanism, an adaptation to traumatic experiences, and that the lack of self-compassion can prolong negative effects of trauma.
Understanding that one's responses to trauma are normal reactions to abnormal circumstances that did not meet human needs is central to taking responsibility for changing these responses. Maté distinguishes between default patterns (unintended consequences of childhood programming) and fault — insinuating that individuals are not to blame for the patterns they follow. He emphasizes the removal of parental blame for the transmission of trauma, suggesting that pain is passed from parent to child unintentionally, not in a deliberate act to harm.
Maté insists on the importance of compassionate curiosity towards oneself, recognizing that what may seem wrong is an adaptation due to suboptimal developmental conditions. He notes tha ...
Self-Compassion and Understanding Trauma Responses as Adaptations, Not Flaws
Healing from past trauma is crucial for personal growth and reconnecting with one’s true self. Dr. Gabor Maté provides insights on why it’s important to work towards understanding one's past experiences to become healthier and happier.
Dr. Maté highlights the importance of self-awareness in healing from trauma. He shares how he began to address his own trauma in middle age and understand its impacts on himself and its unintentional transmission to his children. Maté stresses the necessity of addressing the root causes of trauma to prevent perpetuating similar cycles. Children, he notes, adapt to their environments, and these trauma-induced adaptations can become wired into their personalities but are not reflective of their true selves.
Mel Robbins shares that her daughter, engaged in EMDR therapy, suggests a process of healing from early traumatic experiences. Maté defines trauma as a psychological wound that is distinguished from the traumatic event itself. He and Robbins agree on the importance of recognizing that one's traumatic responses aren't the individual's fault and of approaching healing with non-blame and inquisitiveness. The primary traumatic situation, as cited by Maté in Robbins’ experience, was her inability to share her fears and thus protecting her parents, pointing to the crucial role of talking about trauma and seeking support.
Healing, according to Maté, involves a compassionate curiosity toward the self, replacing 'why' with 'why not', and understanding trauma without self-blame. Recognizing and addressing the trauma responses that occur in the body helps manage stress and emotions. The first step in healing is to recognize one's suffering rather than ignore it. Seeking help, although difficult, is critical and part of overcoming the education or compulsion to suppress the need for help.
Healing From Past Trauma
Download the Shortform Chrome extension for your browser