Podcasts > The Diary Of A CEO with Steven Bartlett > No.1 Brain Scientist: Your Brain Is Lying To You! Here's How I Discovered The Truth!

No.1 Brain Scientist: Your Brain Is Lying To You! Here's How I Discovered The Truth!

By Steven Bartlett

In this episode of The Diary Of A CEO, neuroanatomist Jill Bolte Taylor explains how our brain contains four distinct "characters" that influence our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. She describes the key differences between the left and right hemispheres: the left brain handles logic, language, and ego, while the right brain manages present-moment awareness, intuition, and creativity.

Taylor shares insights from her personal experience with a hemorrhagic stroke that left her left hemisphere non-functional for eight years, forcing her to experience life purely through her right hemisphere. The episode covers strategies for achieving better balance between the hemispheres, including methods to counteract society's tendency toward left-brain dominance, and explains how emotions naturally process themselves within 90 seconds when observed without reaction.

No.1 Brain Scientist: Your Brain Is Lying To You! Here's How I Discovered The Truth!

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No.1 Brain Scientist: Your Brain Is Lying To You! Here's How I Discovered The Truth!

1-Page Summary

The Neuroanatomy and Functioning of the Brain

Neuroanatomist Jill Bolte Taylor explains that our brain contains four distinct "characters" that shape our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. These characters are tied to different regions of the brain: the left hemisphere's analytical and planning center, the left emotional centers dealing with past experiences, the right hemisphere's emotional content focused on present sensations, and a fourth character related to the right hemisphere's thinking capacities.

Taylor emphasizes that specialized cells in different brain regions enable specific cognitive and emotional abilities, from the Purkinje cells controlling movement fluidity to the vigilant amygdala scanning for threats.

Differences Between Left and Right Brain Hemispheres

The left hemisphere, as Taylor describes, houses our logical thinking, language skills, and sense of self. It's where our ego develops and where traumatic memories are stored. This hemisphere also processes addictive tendencies and maintains our vigilance against perceived threats.

In contrast, Taylor explains that the right hemisphere focuses on present-moment awareness, intuition, and creativity. When engaged, it produces feelings of relaxation, joy, and connection with the world around us. This hemisphere enables us to experience life holistically and fosters a sense of oneness with our surroundings.

Strategies For Balancing Whole-Brained Personalities

Taylor points out that society tends to overemphasize left-brain thinking, creating an imbalance. She advocates for conscious engagement of both hemispheres, suggesting that awareness of which brain region is dominant can help achieve better balance. To counteract left-brain dominance, Taylor recommends activities like meditation and physical experiences that engage the right hemisphere.

Regarding emotions, Taylor notes they naturally last only 90 seconds if observed without reaction. She advises against chronic rumination, which can prolong emotional responses indefinitely, and instead encourages allowing emotions to run their natural course.

Jill Bolte Taylor's Stroke and Its Impact

Following a hemorrhagic stroke that left her left hemisphere non-functional for eight years, Taylor experienced life purely through her right hemisphere. This resulted in a profound shift in her perspective, leading to increased present-moment awareness and a deep sense of connection to the universe.

During her eight-year recovery, Taylor chose not to simply reconstruct her pre-stroke self but instead developed an integrated whole-brain perspective. This experience led her to promote strategies for whole-brain living, emphasizing the importance of both hemispheres in maintaining mental well-being and fostering a more balanced approach to life.

1-Page Summary

Additional Materials

Clarifications

  • Specialized cells in different brain regions, such as Purkinje cells and the amygdala, have distinct functions that contribute to cognitive and emotional processes. For example, Purkinje cells in the cerebellum are crucial for coordinating movement, while the amygdala in the limbic system plays a key role in processing emotions and detecting threats. These specialized cells work together to support various cognitive functions like decision-making, memory, and emotional responses, highlighting the intricate network of structures in the brain that contribute to our thoughts and behaviors.
  • The left hemisphere of the brain is associated with logical thinking, language processing, and the development of the sense of self or ego. Additionally, this hemisphere is involved in storing traumatic memories, which can impact emotional responses and behavior. These functions are attributed to the specialized structures and networks within the left hemisphere, influencing how we perceive and interact with the world around us.
  • The right hemisphere of the brain is associated with holistic thinking, focusing on the big picture rather than details. It plays a key role in creativity, intuition, and emotional processing, allowing for a deeper connection to the present moment and the environment. This hemisphere is linked to feelings of relaxation, joy, and a sense of interconnectedness with the world around us. Engaging the right hemisphere can lead to a more profound experience of life and a greater appreciation of the present moment.
  • Chronic rumination refers to the repetitive and prolonged focus on negative thoughts or emotions. This continuous mental replay can intensify and prolong negative feelings, leading to increased distress and impacting overall well-being. By dwelling on the same thoughts repeatedly, individuals may struggle to move past negative emotions and experiences, hindering emotional processing and resolution. Practicing mindfulness and allowing emotions to naturally run their course can help break the cycle of chronic rumination and promote emotional healing and resilience.
  • Jill Bolte Taylor experienced a stroke that affected her left hemisphere, leading to a shift in her perspective towards a more right-brain dominant experience. This shift resulted in heightened present-moment awareness and a deeper connection to the universe. Taylor's recovery focused on embracing a whole-brain perspective rather than solely relying on her pre-stroke cognitive functions. This experience influenced her advocacy for balanced brain engagement and mental well-being strategies.
  • Strategies for whole-brain living involve consciously engaging both the left and right brain hemispheres to achieve balance. This can be done through activities like meditation and experiences that stimulate the right hemisphere. By understanding and utilizing the strengths of each hemisphere, individuals can enhance mental well-being and approach life with a more holistic perspective.

Counterarguments

  • The concept of "four distinct characters" in the brain is a metaphorical interpretation rather than a strict neuroscientific fact. Brain functions are not as neatly compartmentalized as the character analogy suggests.
  • Modern neuroscience suggests that while there are specialized regions in the brain, the brain operates as a highly interconnected network rather than through isolated modules.
  • The dichotomy between left and right hemispheres is often overstated. While there are differences in function, the two hemispheres are deeply interconnected and do not operate independently.
  • The idea that the left hemisphere is solely responsible for logic and language while the right hemisphere is solely responsible for creativity and intuition is an oversimplification. Both hemispheres contribute to these functions.
  • The claim that emotions naturally last only 90 seconds is not universally accepted in psychological research, as the duration and intensity of emotions can vary widely among individuals and situations.
  • The narrative of Jill Bolte Taylor's stroke recovery is a single case study and may not generalize to others' experiences with stroke or brain injury.
  • The emphasis on whole-brain living and the strategies proposed may not be supported by empirical evidence to the same extent as more traditional psychological and neurological treatments.
  • The idea that society overemphasizes left-brain thinking is a broad generalization and may not accurately reflect the diversity of cultural values and educational practices worldwide.

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No.1 Brain Scientist: Your Brain Is Lying To You! Here's How I Discovered The Truth!

The Neuroanatomy and Functioning of the Brain

Jill Bolte Taylor explains the complexity and sensitivity of the brain's structure and functions, emphasizing its importance in shaping our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

Brain Regions Shape Thoughts, Feelings, Behaviors

Four Brain-Based "Character" Types

Jill Bolte Taylor posits that there are four distinct "characters" shaped by structured parts of our brain, each influencing how we think, feel, and behave. These characters represent the different aspects of our emotional and mental processes.

  • Character one involves the left hemisphere that is work-focused and associated with plans and details.
  • Character two is tied to the left emotional centers, dealing with past pains and serving as our protective mechanism in the present moment. It is the part that can hold grudges.
  • Character three relates to the right hemisphere's emotional content, which concerns emotions in the present moment and the physical sensations, such as the temperature or tactile experiences.
  • Character four, while not directly mentioned, would logically relate to the fourth quadrant of the brain, potentially linked to the right hemisphere's thinking capacities.

Taylor emphasizes the importance of understanding these characters to effectively engage different areas of the brain. By understanding the interplay between these characters, people can potentially use them to enhance their life experiences.

Specialized Cells in Brain Regions Enable Cognitive and Emotional Capacities

Taylor expresses that every ability we possess is due to brain cells specialized in those functions. Her focus as a cellular neuroanatomist allows her to understand how these cells contribute to our nervous system and overall brain health.

She discusses the significance of the ...

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The Neuroanatomy and Functioning of the Brain

Additional Materials

Clarifications

  • The concept of brain-based "character" types, as described by Jill Bolte Taylor, suggests that different parts of the brain contribute to distinct emotional and mental processes, creating unique "characters" within us. These characters, associated with specific brain regions, influence how we think, feel, and behave in different situations. Understanding these characters can help us engage various areas of the brain effectively and potentially enhance our life experiences by leveraging the strengths of each character. Taylor's framework provides insight into how the brain's structure and functions shape our personalities and responses to the world around us.
  • The meninges are three protective layers surrounding the brain that help maintain a stable environment and protect it from damage. These layers are the dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater. They provide physical support, cushioning, and a barrier against infections. The meninges play a crucial role in regulating the brain's internal environment and ensuring its proper functioning.
  • Stimulating certain cells in the brain can activate specific brain regions responsible for various functions. By targeting these specialized cells, individuals can influence cognitive and emotional processes. This stimulation can enhance brain performance and potentially improve overall brain health. Understanding how to selectively engage these cells can lead to a more comprehensive utilization of the brain's capabilities.
  • Living a "whole brain life" emphasizes the holistic approach to br ...

Counterarguments

  • The concept of four "characters" shaped by structured parts of the brain is a simplification that may not capture the full complexity of brain functions and individual differences.
  • The division of functions and traits into left and right hemispheres is an oversimplification and does not fully account for the brain's plasticity and the interconnectedness of brain regions.
  • The idea that each brain region has a specialized and singular function may overlook the redundancy and multiplicity of functions that many brain regions possess.
  • The notion that stimulating certain cells can tap into their diverse capabilities might be too optimistic, as the relationship between stimulation and function is complex and not fully understood.
  • The emphasis on cellular health as the key to liv ...

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No.1 Brain Scientist: Your Brain Is Lying To You! Here's How I Discovered The Truth!

Differences Between Left and Right Brain Hemispheres

The distinctions between our brain's hemispheres point to complex neurological functions that influence our thoughts, behavior, and emotions. Jill Bolte Taylor offers insights into how each hemisphere contributes to different aspects of our humanity.

Left Hemisphere: Logic, Analysis, Language Processing

Jill Bolte Taylor conveys that the left hemisphere is responsible for our awareness of who we are, indicating its role in identity and self-awareness. It is also where our language skills reside, enabling us to read, write, and understand language, as well as to engage logically with mathematics. The motor system in this hemisphere controls the opposite side of our body. When stimulated, the left hemisphere prompts a focused and analytical mindset, as Steven Bartlett discovered under Taylor’s direction.

Left Hemisphere: "Me-centered" Perspective and Ego Development

The left hemisphere houses our logical, rational, and analytical thinking. It likes to maintain control and is where the 'me' definition or ego center is found—our sense of self, personal information, and physical boundaries originate here. There’s an implication that this hemisphere's "me-centered" perspective could be tied to selfish behaviors or wanting more.

Left Hemisphere: Locus of Trauma, Cravings, Addictive Tendencies

Additionally, our left hemisphere processes our past, including painful memories. Here, the emotional system remembers traumatic events in detail to avoid their recurrence. Addiction is also linked to this hemisphere, where the insular cortex houses our cravings. This area is vigilant, constantly on the lookout for reasons to react with emotional reactivity to new information.

Right Hemisphere Focuses On Holistic, Experiential, Present-Moment Processing

Right Hemisphere: Intuition, Creativity, World Connection

In contrast, the right hemisphere is the domain of the present moment—being right here, right now. When Bartlett’s right hemisphere was stimulated, he felt more relaxed, akin to lounging in the sun. In this hemisphere, you exist as part of everything; your senses are integrated, fueling a sense of excitement about the possibilities.

Right Hemisphere Enables Joy, Peace, and Oneness

The right hemisphere enables feelings of joy, peace, and o ...

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Differences Between Left and Right Brain Hemispheres

Additional Materials

Clarifications

  • The left and right brain hemispheres work together to create a balanced cognitive experience. The left hemisphere focuses on logic, language, and analytical thinking, while the right hemisphere emphasizes intuition, creativity, and holistic processing. They complement each other by integrating different functions to support a well-rounded perception of the world and our experiences. Overall, the interaction between the two hemispheres allows for a harmonious blend of rationality and creativity in our thoughts and behaviors.
  • The insular cortex is a brain region involved in processing emotions and regulating social behavior. ...

Counterarguments

  • The strict lateralization of functions in the brain is an oversimplification. Many cognitive processes involve both hemispheres, and the degree of lateralization can vary greatly among individuals.
  • The idea that the left hemisphere is solely responsible for logic and language while the right hemisphere is solely responsible for creativity and intuition is a common misconception. Both hemispheres contribute to these functions in complex ways.
  • The association of the left hemisphere with negative aspects such as trauma and addiction might imply a bias that overlooks the positive aspects and contributions of the left hemisphere to overall cognitive functioning and well-being.
  • The right hemisphere's role in fostering feelings of joy, peace, and oneness is not exclusively its domain; emotional processing is distributed across both hemispheres and other brain regions.
  • The concept of the right hemisphere being solely responsible for present-moment processing does not account for the left hemisphere's involvement in tasks that require attention to the present, such as problem-solving and decision-making.
  • The dichotomy presented between the hemispheres may not fully represent the dynamic and context-dependent nature of brain activity, whi ...

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No.1 Brain Scientist: Your Brain Is Lying To You! Here's How I Discovered The Truth!

Strategies For Balancing Whole-Brained Personalities

Awareness of Predominant Brain Region Is Key to Whole-Brain Living

Jill Bolte Taylor highlights the issue with society overly focusing on the two left brain parts that concentrate on the individual within the societal context. She points out that while these brain regions serve protective roles, they can become problematic if they're the only aspects valued. Taylor urges the importance of understanding different brain parts and being aware of which hemisphere is dominant to live a balanced, whole-brained life. She suggests that quieting the left hemisphere can reveal the potential of the right hemisphere, and she encourages observing oneself to recognize which brain character is predominant, whether it's the individual-focused or the playful aspects. By being aware of one's different brain characters, she believes people can lead more balanced lifestyles and improve well-being, particularly in high-stress professions like physicians.

Brain Region Shifts Enhance Flexible, Effective Responses

Taylor discusses the significance of shifting from the stress circuitry of the left brain to the right brain's pause to allow for flexible responses. She advises that recognizing which brain character one is using at any moment can significantly control brain activity in diverse scenarios. Identifying the bodily sensations associated with each character can help switch between them more smoothly. Taylor emphasizes that society is mostly unaware of these potential choices due to the dominance of left-brain thinking and encourages conscious engagement of various brain parts to respond effectively and enhance life.

Engaging Right Brain Activities Balance Left-Dominant Lifestyle

Taylor advocates for engaging right-brain activities to balance a lifestyle dominated by left hemisphere pursuits like linear thinking and goal achievement. She suggests that meditation can quiet the left hemisphere, while right hemisphere activities like feeling water while swimming or diving can bring balance. Taylor notes the importance of play for physicians and how little character three can provide a necessary pause to relieve stress from character one's chores. She values the right hemisphere's experiential opportunities, such as three-dimensional anatomy visualization, countering the left hemisphere's detailed focus.

Accepting Difficult Emotions Integrates Brain "Personalities"

Trauma Stored In Left Brain, Transformed by Right B ...

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Strategies For Balancing Whole-Brained Personalities

Additional Materials

Counterarguments

  • The brain is not strictly divided into left and right hemispheres with distinct functions; modern neuroscience suggests that while there may be lateralization of functions, the brain operates as a highly interconnected network.
  • The concept of "whole-brained" living might oversimplify the complexity of brain functions and how they contribute to behavior and cognition.
  • The idea that society values only left-brain attributes may not account for cultural and individual differences in what is valued or for the rise in appreciation for creativity and emotional intelligence, which are often associated with the right hemisphere.
  • The 90-second rule for emotions is not universally accepted in psychological research; emotions can vary greatly in duration and intensity depending on the context and individual differences.
  • The notion that trauma is stored in the left brain and transformed by the right may be metaphorical and not reflect the actual neurobiological processes involved in trauma and recovery.
  • The effectiveness of meditation and right-brain activities in balancing lifestyle and improving well-being may vary among individuals, and there is no one-size-fits-all approach to mental health.
  • The emphasis on right-brain activities could inadvertently lead to the undervaluing of left-brain functions, which are also essential for well-being and effective functioning in daily life.
  • The idea o ...

Actionables

  • You can create a "hemisphere harmony" journal to track and balance your brain activity. Start by dividing the pages into two columns: one for left hemisphere (analytical, logical tasks) and one for right hemisphere (creative, intuitive tasks). Throughout the day, jot down activities you do in the respective column. This visual representation will help you see which side you're favoring and encourage you to plan activities that balance both hemispheres, like solving a puzzle (left) followed by painting (right).
  • Develop a "90-second emotion" timer routine to manage intense feelings. When you notice a strong emotion, set a timer for 90 seconds and spend that time fully experiencing the emotion without acting on it. After the timer goes off, engage in a simple right hemisphere activity like listening to instrumental music or stepping outside to feel the sun, which can help shift your focus and prevent rumination.
  • Introduce a "character switch" ...

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No.1 Brain Scientist: Your Brain Is Lying To You! Here's How I Discovered The Truth!

Jill Bolte Taylor's Stroke and Its Impact on Her Perspective

Jill Bolte Taylor’s stroke profoundly altered her perception and cognition, leading her to a renewed appreciation for life and a greater understanding of the brain’s capabilities.

Stroke Left Jill's Brain Hemisphere Non-functional For Years

Taylor suffered a hemorrhagic stroke, with a blood vessel explosion incapacitating cells and leaving her left hemisphere non-functional for eight years. She underwent surgery to remove a blood clot from her brain two and a half weeks after the hemorrhage. This catastrophic event marked a stark before and after in her life, profoundly shifting her perspective.

Experience Enabled Her to Access Present-Moment Awareness and Right Hemisphere Perspective

During the eight years of relying solely on her right hemisphere, Taylor experienced a present-moment blissful euphoria, filled with love, laughter, and a sense of connection to the universe. This newfound joy and liberation from her pre-stroke perspectives stemmed from her 'Character one,' the logical and business-focused aspect of her brain, effectively going offline. She was energetically infinite and detached from her body, wondering about the extent to which she could leave her physical form and still return.

Jill Appreciated Life's Miracle and Interconnectedness, Shifting Priorities and Approach

Taylor’s appreciation for life intensified, finding wonder and gratitude in the mere act of living. Despite losing her left hemisphere's functions, she felt elated by experiencing life as a miracle of the universe. Following the stroke, she was more attracted to life’s collective, interconnected aspects rather than individualistic pursuits.

Jill's Recovery Shows the Brain's Neuroplasticity and Potential for Personal Transformation

Taylor spent eight years rebuilding the left hemisphere’s skillsets. Throughout this time, she chose not to strive to become the person she was before the stroke, opting instead to develop a wholly integrated whole-brain perspective.

Rebuilding Left-Hemisphere Skills In 8 Years Integrated Jill's Whole-Brain Perspective

Her lengthy recovery process showcased the brain's remarkable neuroplasticity. By using what she had left in her right hemisphere, Taylor was able to progressively regain the functions of the left hemisphere post-stroke, culminating ...

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Jill Bolte Taylor's Stroke and Its Impact on Her Perspective

Additional Materials

Actionables

  • You can cultivate present-moment awareness by setting hourly reminders to pause and engage in a sensory-rich activity. Choose an activity like savoring a piece of fruit, feeling the texture of a fabric, or listening to a specific sound. This practice can help you anchor in the present moment, similar to the heightened right hemisphere awareness described by Taylor.
  • Start a 'whole-brain journal' where you dedicate one page to logical, left-brain thoughts and the opposite page to creative, right-brain expressions each day. On the left page, write down tasks, plans, and structured thoughts. On the right page, draw, doodle, or write poetry. This exercise can help balance and nurture both hemispheres of your brain, fostering a whole-brain perspective.
  • Create a 'mira ...

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