In this episode of The Diary Of A CEO with Steven Bartlett, Dr. Erica Komisar emphasizes the importance of parental presence, especially during early childhood, for proper brain development and forming secure attachment bonds. She highlights key differences between maternal and paternal roles, noting how societal shifts like individualism and women entering the workforce have reduced critical parental involvement for young children.
Komisar warns that early attachment insecurity can raise the risk of mental health issues like anxiety, depression, and behavioral problems. She discusses the biological basis for differing maternal and paternal behaviors, while attributing the rise in youth mental health concerns to factors like lack of extended family support and isolation among single parents as sole caregivers.
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Erica Komisar emphasizes the profound effect of parental presence, especially during the critical periods of birth to age 3 and adolescence, for proper brain development and forming secure attachment bonds. Children require consistent, sensitive care from their primary attachment figures, typically mothers, to learn emotional regulation and build resilience. Komisar warns that early attachment insecurity raises the risk of mental illness, anxiety, depression, ADHD, and behavior problems.
Komisar highlights key differences in maternal and paternal parenting roles. Mothers' [restricted term] drives their nurturing and regulation of childrens' emotions like fear and sadness. Fathers' [restricted term] influences playfulness and helping manage excitement and aggression. Without fathers, Komisar notes, children often struggle with behavioral issues, and girls may lack a key romantic relationship model.
Komisar states the biological basis for differing maternal and paternal behaviors, like mothers soothing crying babies while fathers tend to protect against threats due to hormones like vasopressin. She discusses the inverse [restricted term]-[restricted term] relationship influencing nurturing instincts.
Komisar cites societal shifts like individualism, materialism, and women entering the workforce that reduce critical parental presence for young kids. While positive, the "Me Movement" and feminism also contributed to prioritizing careers over children's emotional needs, amounting to "child abandonment."
This societal change coincides with increased youth mental health issues like ADHD. Parents also lack support from extended families due to moving away. The resulting isolation burdens single parents as sole caregivers.
1-Page Summary
Komisar addresses the profound impact of parental presence on the development and mental health of children, emphasizing the critical stages of brain development and the need for secure attachment.
Komisar discusses the importance of parents being physically and emotionally present for their children during the critical periods of brain development, which are from birth to three years and adolescence (9 to 25 years old). She suggests that attachment security is the foundation for future mental health, as children require consistent, sensitive, empathetic care from their primary attachment figures to develop emotional regulation skills and resilience. Komisar observed that children whose mothers, often their primary attachment figures, were the least present in their lives were doing the least well.
Komisar describes an attachment study with rhesus monkeys that demonstrated the significance of nurturing by primary attachment figures for secure attachment and emotional health. She explains that a healthy attachment is shown when a child feels safe and secure with their primary attachment figure, who needs to have prioritized their presence with the child. Furthermore, the amygdala, which regulates stress, should remain offline for the first one to three years, with mothers keeping babies close to their bodies to keep the amygdala quiet and manage stress.
The importance of empathetic parenting is stressed by Komisar, who advises against simply saying "no" without empathy and instead recommends acknowledging a child's feelings before enforcing rules. She emphasizes that parental presence, especially during the ages of zero to three, is significant for the growth of cells in the child's right brain and for neurogenesis. Komisar expresses concern that society often prioritizes work and personal desires over the uniqueness of a child, which can lead to breakdowns and mental health issues.
Parental Presence and Attachment in Child Development and Mental Health
Erica Komisar and others discuss the disparities between maternal and paternal roles, their biological roots, and the importance of both parents in a child’s development.
Komisar underscores the importance of a mother's role in the first three years of a child's life for emotional security, critical for brain development and to prevent aggression, behavioral problems, and attachment disorders. Mothers, through their production of [restricted term], provide sensitive empathic nurturing that soothes babies, thereby helping to regulate emotions such as sadness, fear, and distress. This nurturing behavior raises [restricted term] levels in the baby's brain, which protects against cortisol, the stress hormone. After being consistently soothed by their mothers, by three years of age, babies can start to internalize the ability to regulate their own emotions.
While mothers produce [restricted term] that fosters nurturing behavior, fathers also produce [restricted term], but it affects their brains differently, leading them to be playful and tactile stimulators. Fathers encourage exploration, risk-taking, and separation. They are critical in helping children, particularly boys, manage excitement and aggression, and become important as children become mobile and start leaning toward healthy separation around 18 months to 2 years old.
Children who grow up without fathers often have difficulties, such as boys struggling with regulation of aggression, being more impulsive and aggressive. Komisar notes that children require both a mother and a father figure; one cannot simply replace the other. In absence of a father, girls may miss forming a critical romantic relationship that can subsequently affect their search for admiration and love that a father typically provides. "Daddy issues," a term mentioned by Bartlett, underscores cultural understanding of the problems that arise when the father is absent.
Differences in Maternal vs Paternal Roles
Erica Komisar speaks at the Alliance for Responsible Citizenship about societal changes that are influencing parenting practices and affecting child outcomes.
Komisar emphasizes a societal shift towards individualism and materialism, where career priorities lead parents to be less available for their young children. Despite the positive impacts of movements such as the 'Me Movement' and feminism on society, Komisar suggests that they have also contributed to prioritizing careers over parenting, thereby leading to a form of child abandonment. She touches on issues faced by new parents, particularly mothers, who may have planned to be primary breadwinners but find themselves wanting to quit their jobs to be with their babies.
Komisar criticizes aspects of modern feminism by suggesting a vengeful streak that seeks to diminish men. She notes the swift change in gender roles that has led to mental health issues in men due to the inversion of traditional roles. The societal shift that permitted women to work and men to stay at home with children has occurred rapidly, potentially contributing to a rise in child mental health issues due to reduced parental presence.
Komisar notes the increase in mental illness in children and connects this to a societal trend away from prioritizing a child's emotional needs and the presence of parents. She intimates that modern environments, such as individualism, materialism, and the focus on careers, may be factors in the rising ADHD and behavioral issues among children. Bartlett references a study on the association between children's trauma scores (ACE scores) and ADHD, suggesting societal stressors may be linked to the development of ADHD.
The social trend of people moving away from extended family networks means parents, especially single mothers, are increasingly isolated, compounding the challenges of child-rearing. This isolation burdens parents with sole emotional and caregiving support, which can be overwhelming for single caregivers.
Komisar reflects on the "family diaspora" whe ...
Societal Trends' Impact on Parenting and Child Outcomes
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