Podcasts > The Daily > Alliance vs. Isolation: Harris and Trump’s Competing Views on Foreign Policy

Alliance vs. Isolation: Harris and Trump’s Competing Views on Foreign Policy

By The New York Times

In this episode of The Daily podcast, listeners are presented with contrasting views on U.S. foreign policy from Kamala Harris and Donald Trump. The summary explores Harris's conventional approach that prioritizes rebuilding alliances and upholding international norms. It weighs this against Trump's unpredictable style, which some argue could undermine global order.

Specific conflicts like Ukraine, the Israel-Hezbollah tensions, and managing relations with China are highlighted. The summary examines how Harris and Trump's differing stances on providing military aid, pushing for negotiations, and challenging or appeasing aggression could impact the trajectory of these crises and America's global standing.

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Alliance vs. Isolation: Harris and Trump’s Competing Views on Foreign Policy

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Alliance vs. Isolation: Harris and Trump’s Competing Views on Foreign Policy

1-Page Summary

Contrasting Foreign Policy Approaches and Global Stability

Kamala Harris and Donald Trump offer starkly different visions of American foreign policy, with potentially significant impacts on global stability.

Peter Baker suggests that Harris represents a more conventional, predictable approach, while Trump embraces disruptive unpredictability. Harris is expected to continue Biden's foreign policy of rebuilding alliances and upholding international rules. Trump, by contrast, has often antagonized allies and embraced authoritarians, casting doubt on U.S. commitments.

Harris: Predictable and Rules-Based

On China, Harris would likely take a traditional, less confrontational tack, maintaining economic measures while reducing foreign supply chain reliance. Her approach aims to "de-risk" rather than fully "decouple." Baker implies Harris's style would restore reliability and predictability to U.S. foreign relations.

Trump: Disruptive Unpredictability

Trump's tough rhetoric contrasts with an aversion to military force, creating unpredictability that could undermine U.S. credibility and global order, Baker argues. Trump's inclination to quickly resolve conflicts like Ukraine is seen as unrealistic by experts.

Conflicting Approaches to Ukraine Conflict

Harris Invested in Supporting Ukraine

Having met Zelensky seven times, Harris denounces what she views as Trump's "surrender" to Putin's aggression. A Harris administration would likely sustain military, economic, and diplomatic backing for Ukraine to uphold sovereignty and territorial integrity.

Trump's Ambiguous Stance Could Benefit Russia

Trump suggests he could swiftly "end the war," though without specifics. His expressions of admiration for Putin and noncommittal responses indicate potential retrenchment of U.S. support, potentially emboldening Russia.

Contrasts on Israel-Hezbollah Conflict

Harris Leans Towards Diplomacy

Harris voices support for Israel's defense while showing empathy for Palestinian suffering. She may push for restraint and a negotiated two-state solution addressing the humanitarian crisis in Gaza.

Trump's Firm Support for Israel's Actions

Trump boasts of his unwavering backing of Israel's actions, from moving the U.S. embassy to cutting Palestinian aid. Though implying disinterest in extended Mideast wars, his unconditional support could inflame tensions.

1-Page Summary

Additional Materials

Counterarguments

  • Harris's conventional approach may be seen as lacking innovation and could fail to adapt to new global challenges or shifting geopolitical landscapes.
  • Predictability in foreign policy, as associated with Harris, might allow adversaries to anticipate and counter U.S. actions more effectively.
  • Trump's unpredictability could be argued to have strategic value, keeping adversaries off-balance and potentially creating leverage in negotiations.
  • Trump's aversion to military force might be viewed as a positive restraint from unnecessary conflicts and a focus on diplomacy or economic measures.
  • The assertion that Trump's stance on Ukraine could benefit Russia presupposes that a change in U.S. support would automatically favor Russian interests, which might not account for the complexities of the conflict or potential diplomatic solutions.
  • Harris's diplomatic approach to the Israel-Hezbollah conflict could be criticized for potentially failing to adequately deter aggression or for not fully supporting an ally.
  • Trump's firm support for Israel might be defended as a clear stance that strengthens an ally and deters adversaries, despite potential escalation of tensions.
  • The effectiveness of economic measures and supply chain adjustments in the context of China policy, as proposed by Harris, could be questioned in terms of their impact on global trade and economic stability.
  • The notion that Trump's foreign policy undermines U.S. credibility could be countered by arguing that his administration's actions reflect a different set of priorities or a reevaluation of U.S. interests.

Actionables

  • You can enhance your global awareness by following diverse international news sources to understand different perspectives on foreign policy, mirroring the approach of rebuilding alliances and upholding international rules. Start by subscribing to news outlets from different regions of the world and compare their coverage on key international events, such as UN meetings or global summits, to gain a multifaceted understanding of global politics.
  • Develop critical thinking skills by analyzing foreign policy decisions through role-playing scenarios that involve unpredictable elements, akin to the disruptive unpredictability mentioned. Gather a group of friends or colleagues and assign roles based on different world leaders. Debate and navigate a complex international issue, like a trade agreement, where each person brings a different, perhaps unpredictable, policy approach to the table, encouraging you to think on your feet and understand the consequences of such actions.
  • Cultivate empathy in international relations by volunteering with organizations that work with immigrants or refugees from conflict zones, reflecting the balance of diplomacy and defense. This hands-on experience allows you to directly contribute to supporting individuals affected by international policies, such as those from Ukraine or the Israel-Hezbollah conflict, and understand the human side of geopolitical decisions.

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Alliance vs. Isolation: Harris and Trump’s Competing Views on Foreign Policy

The candidates' contrasting approaches to foreign policy and their impact on global stability

The foreign policy approaches of Kamala Harris and Donald Trump stand in stark contrast, each with its distinct potential impacts on global stability.

Kamala Harris represents a more conventional, predictable, and stable foreign policy approach, while Donald Trump is known for his disruptive and unpredictable style.

Kamala Harris, as the vice president under Biden, is assumed to have similar foreign policy positions to President Biden. She is considered a conventional center-left Democratic foreign policy thinker and is expected to largely continue the Biden administration's foreign policy, which emphasizes rebuilding relationships with allies and upholding the international rules-based order.

Peter Baker suggests that Harris would represent a much more stable way of looking at the world, which gives other leaders a much better sense of where she stands on issues. In contrast, Donald Trump is described as a disruptive force in international affairs and takes pride in this role. He believes other countries, including allies, take advantage of the United States in trade, economics, and security arrangements. His approach has often involved antagonizing U.S. allies, casting doubt on long-standing commitments, and embracing authoritarian leaders like Vladimir Putin and Kim Jong-un, creating a sense of uncertainty and instability.

Harris is expected to largely continue the Biden administration's foreign policy

Harris is anticipated to continue the Biden administration's policy, with an emphasis on empathy for suffering such as the Palestinians, potentially leading to a tougher stance on Netanyahu than Biden's. When it comes to China, Baker suggests Harris would adopt a traditional, less confrontational approach, maintaining economic measures like tariffs while fostering the semiconductor industry within the U.S. to reduce reliance on foreign supply chains.

The candidates' differing foreign policy styles could have significant implications for America's global influence and ability to lead on key international issues.

Harris's approach would likely restore a sense of reliability and predictability in U.S. foreign policy

The conversation implies that Harris's approach to China, and by extension to other international issues, would be more of a scalpel than a hammer, indicating a more precise and predictable U.S. foreign policy. Baker mentions that the Biden administration, of which Harris is part, seeks de-risking rather than decoupling from China. This aims to minimize dependence without completely cutting ...

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The candidates' contrasting approaches to foreign policy and their impact on global stability

Additional Materials

Counterarguments

  • Stability and predictability in foreign policy, as represented by Kamala Harris, may not always lead to positive outcomes if the status quo is flawed or if new challenges require innovative approaches.
  • Predictability can sometimes be perceived as weakness by adversaries, potentially encouraging them to take actions contrary to U.S. interests.
  • Donald Trump's disruptive approach could be argued to have brought certain issues to the forefront that conventional diplomacy failed to address, such as NATO members' defense spending or unfair trade practices by some countries.
  • Unpredictability in foreign policy, as seen with Trump, might deter adversaries from taking aggressive actions due to uncertainty about the U.S. response.
  • Continuity in foreign policy under Harris could also mean the perpetuation of existing policies that some critics argue have not been effective or have had negative consequences.
  • A tough stance on allies, like the one Trump is known for, could be seen as a way to recalibrate relationships and share global responsibilities more equitably.
  • Embracing authoritarian leaders, while controversial, could be defended as a pragmati ...

Actionables

  • You can enhance your personal and professional relationships by adopting a consistent communication style, ensuring that your friends, family, and colleagues know what to expect from you. This mirrors the value of predictability in foreign policy by fostering trust and stability in your interactions. For example, if you usually respond to messages within a day, maintain that pattern, or if you're known for giving constructive feedback, continue to do so reliably.
  • Develop a habit of informed decision-making by regularly gathering information from multiple sources before forming opinions or making choices. This approach is akin to a stable foreign policy that is based on research and analysis rather than impulse. When faced with a decision, whether it's choosing a new product or deciding on a travel destination, take the time to read reviews, study reports, and even consult experts if possible, to make a well-informed decision.
  • Practice diplomacy in your daily life by ...

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Alliance vs. Isolation: Harris and Trump’s Competing Views on Foreign Policy

The candidates' stances on the conflict in Ukraine and supporting Ukraine against Russia

As the candidates' views on the conflict in Ukraine surface, it becomes evident that their differing stances could dramatically impact the future of European security and the global order.

Both candidates agree that Russia's invasion of Ukraine is a violation of international law and that Ukraine has a right to defend itself, but they differ significantly in their proposed approaches.

Peter Baker reflects that a Harris administration would likely uphold the current U.S. strategy in response to the conflict in Ukraine, continuing to provide military, economic, and diplomatic support while reinforcing the international rules-based order. Kamala Harris is deeply invested in this policy, having met with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky seven times. She denounces what she views as Trump's capitulation, labeling it a "proposal for surrender."

Conversely, Trump has offered a starkly different approach, suggesting he could "end the war in Ukraine in 24 hours." However, he has not disclosed the specifics of his plan. Baker notes that Trump's inclination to settle the conflict swiftly is seen as highly unrealistic by experts and is inconsistent with the typical U.S. stance of not compromising with belligerence.

A Harris administration's continued support for Ukraine would help maintain pressure on Russia and uphold principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity, while a Trump administration's retreat could embolden Putin and encourage further aggression.

If Harris is elected, her administration's resolute support for Ukraine would likely persist in maintaining pressure on Russia, thus championing the principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity. However, if Trump is re-elected, his reluctance to condemn Russia and ambiguous plans for conflict resolution raise concerns of a potential withdrawal of U.S. support for Ukraine. Such retrenchment could strengthen Putin's hand and possibly encourage further aggression, altering the power dynamics in Europe and beyond.

The candidates' divergent views on the Ukraine conflict could have far-reaching consequences for the f ...

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The candidates' stances on the conflict in Ukraine and supporting Ukraine against Russia

Additional Materials

Counterarguments

  • Harris's approach, while consistent with international norms, may not lead to a resolution of the conflict and could result in a protracted stalemate, draining resources and lives.
  • Trump's claim to end the war in 24 hours, while lacking detail, suggests a willingness to explore unconventional or direct negotiation tactics that could potentially break the deadlock.
  • The assertion that Trump's approach is highly unrealistic may not account for the potential effectiveness of unorthodox strategies in diplomatic negotiations.
  • The idea that continued support for Ukraine will maintain pressure on Russia assumes that pressure will lead to positive change, which may not necessarily be the case if Russia is not responsive to such pressure.
  • The suggestion that a Trump administration would embolden Putin is speculative and does not consider the possibility that a different U.S. strategy might lead to a new form of deterrence or stability.
  • The claim that divergent views on Ukraine could have far-reaching consequences for European security and the global order does not consider that U.S. policy is just one of many factors ...

Actionables

  • Educate yourself on international law and sovereignty to better understand global conflicts by reading articles from reputable sources like the United Nations or the International Court of Justice.
  • Understanding the legal frameworks that govern international relations can give you a clearer perspective on conflicts like the one in Ukraine. For example, you could read about the UN Charter or the Geneva Conventions to grasp why certain actions are considered violations of international law.
  • Foster critical thinking by comparing different foreign policy approaches through a personal blog or social media posts.
  • By analyzing and writing about various strategies that nations might take in response to international events, you can develop a more nuanced view of global politics. For instance, you might compare the potential outcomes of different diplomatic or military responses to a conflict, considering both short-term and long-term effects.
  • Encourage informed voting by researching the foreign polic ...

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Alliance vs. Isolation: Harris and Trump’s Competing Views on Foreign Policy

The candidates' approaches to the Israel-Hezbollah conflict in the Middle East and the wider regional tensions

In the context of the Israel-Hezbollah conflict and broader regional tensions, the two political candidates present differing approaches and responses that could significantly impact regional stability and peace prospects.

Both candidates recognize the threat posed by Hezbollah and Iran's malign influence in the region, but they differ in their emphasis and proposed responses.

Harris emphasizes the need for diplomacy and restraint

Kamala Harris has voiced strong support for Israel's right to defend itself while also expressing empathy for the suffering of Palestinian civilians. This suggests that she may push for Israel to exercise restraint and pursue a negotiated solution involving a two-state format that would secure self-determination for Palestinians and address the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. She further emphasizes the importance of rebuilding Gaza, indicating a policy approach that includes empathy for Palestinian struggles and a push for diplomatic resolutions.

Trump stands firmly with Israel’s actions

Donald Trump, conversely, boasts to Jewish-American voters about his unmistakable support for Israel. He claims that voting against him would betray Israel. His actions include moving the U.S. embassy to Jerusalem, recognizing Israeli sovereignty over the Golan Heights, closing the Palestinian office in Washington, and cutting off aid. During the war in Gaza, Trump has spoken sparingly, focusing on the impact on Israel's reputation rather than casualties, and indicating that he would not support humanitarian aid for Palestinians as much as the current administration. There is also an implication that Trump may not favor an extended war in the Middle East and that his support for Netanyahu may have waned.

The candidates' contrasting approaches to the Israel-Hezbollah conflict could have significant implications for regional stability and the prospects for a lasting peace.

A potential shift towards diplomacy under Harris

A Harris administration may engage in tough diplomacy to de-escalate tensions and pursue a two-state solution. Statements from Harris and Joe Biden reflect this sentiment, asserting that the killing of Hezbollah's Nasrallah was a form of justice, yet they concurrently advocate for diplomacy to de-escalate th ...

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The candidates' approaches to the Israel-Hezbollah conflict in the Middle East and the wider regional tensions

Additional Materials

Counterarguments

  • Harris's emphasis on diplomacy and restraint might be criticized for potentially underestimating the complexities of the conflict and the influence of non-state actors like Hezbollah, which may not respond to diplomatic efforts as state actors would.
  • The approach of empathy for Palestinian struggles, while morally commendable, could be seen as potentially undermining Israel's security concerns, especially if it leads to pressure on Israel to make concessions that could be exploited by militant groups.
  • Trump's firm support for Israel's actions could be defended as a stance that prioritizes the safety and security of a key ally in a volatile region, which some argue is necessary to maintain a balance of power.
  • The negotiation of a two-state solution has been a long-standing challenge, and critics might argue that Harris's push for this outcome is overly optimistic given the historical failures and the current political climate in the region.
  • Moving the U.S. embassy to Jerusalem and recognizing Israeli sovereignty over the Golan Heights can be seen as fulfilling longstanding promises to an ally and recognizing the reality on the ground, despite international controversy.
  • Cutting off aid to Palestinians could be argued as a means to pressure the Palestinian Authority to take a firmer stance against terrorism and to negotiate more seriously with Israel.
  • Advocating for diplomacy to de-escalate the c ...

Actionables

  • You can deepen your understanding of international relations by role-playing different diplomatic scenarios. Imagine you're a diplomat and draft a speech or a set of policies that balance empathy with national security concerns, similar to how a politician might approach the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. This exercise can enhance your negotiation skills and empathy in personal and professional settings.
  • Enhance your critical thinking by analyzing foreign policy decisions through essays or blog posts. Choose a recent international event, like the moving of an embassy or the cutting of aid, and write about the potential long-term impacts of such actions on global relations. This activity can improve your ability to foresee consequences and understand the complexity of international politics.
  • Foster a culture of informed voting by creating a voter's guide f ...

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