Is consuming insects the solution to the severe environmental impact of animal agriculture? In this episode of Stuff You Should Know, Josh Clark and Chuck Bryant explore the potential of insects, specifically crickets, as an alternative protein source.
They debunk the notion that 80% of people globally eat insects, explaining it's actually around 30-35%. The podcasters dive into the environmental, economic and nutritional advantages of cricket farming over traditional livestock farming. You'll learn about the sustainability benefits of crickets and how a few US startups are working to mainstream this unconventional food source. From the low emissions and resource needs to the dense nutritional profile, crickets emerge as a promising approach to meeting global food demands.
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According to the podcast, animal agriculture contributes massively to environmental degradation through greenhouse gas emissions (51% of global emissions) and inefficient resource utilization. As Josh Clark and Chuck Bryant highlight, producing just 1 pound of beef requires 2,400 gallons of water, with only 40% of the cow being utilized.
Josh Clark corrects the misconception that 80% of people globally consume insects, stating the actual figure is 30-35%. He notes that the Western aversion to entomophagy (insect consumption) is a learned bias rather than innate, contrasting with other cultures where insects are common food sources.
The 2013 UN report "Edible Insects: Future Prospects for Food and Feed Security" advocated for the nutritional, environmental, and economic benefits of using insects as an alternative to traditional livestock. As Clark mentions, this report catalyzed the establishment of commercial cricket farms in the US.
Inspired by eating fried crickets in Thailand, entrepreneur Kevin Bachhuber pioneered US cricket farming, obtaining the first FDA approval to sell crickets as food. Currently, around 25 US startups aim to mainstream cricket farming, selling cricket-based products and home cricket kits to familiarize consumers. However, cricket flour remains costly at $35-$50 per pound due to labor-intensive farming practices.
Crickets are nutrient-dense, providing protein, fats, vitamins, and minerals per 100 grams. As Clark and Bryant explain, crickets convert feed to biomass far more efficiently than livestock while requiring less space, food, water, and energy—making them a highly sustainable protein source with an 80% edible rate compared to cattle's 40%.
1-Page Summary
Animal agriculture is a major contributor to environmental degradation and inefficient resource use, with wide-ranging impacts including massive greenhouse gas emissions and water footprint.
Astoundingly, 51 percent of the global greenhouse gases can be attributed to animal agriculture. This massive impact comes from various stages of meat production, ranging from methane emission by ruminants to the energy expended in processing and transporting meat.
In addition to greenhouse gases, animal agriculture places a heavy demand on water resources. To produce just one pound of beef, approximately 2,400 gallons of water are required. This water is used not only for the livestock themselves but also for irrigating the crops that feed them. Moreover, when considering that only about 40% of the cow is utilized for consumption, it becomes evident that a significant portion of this water usage goes to waste.
The past few decades have seen a doubling in meat consumption, which can be linked to both the growing global population and increasing wealth in developing countries, where diets are rapidly shifting towards greater animal protein intake.
This uptick in meat consumption is intertwined wit ...
Problems With Animal Agriculture (Environmental Impact, Inefficiencies)
Josh Clark and Chuck Bryant delve into the practice of eating insects, known as entomophagy, and discuss a pivotal 2013 UN report that emphasizes the sustainability of insects as a food source.
Clark corrects a prevalent misconception by stating that about a third of the world's population regularly consumes insects, not 80% as is often claimed. He notes that in Western countries, the inclination is to view insects as pests rather than viable food options, a perspective influenced by the availability of domesticated animals for protein. The Western aversion to entomophagy is not innate, Clark explains, but rather a product of cultural conditioning. This implies that through cultural exchange and education, the bias against eating insects can be unlearned.
Clark's discussion further reveals that Western perceptions of insects as pests instead of food stem from not having to rely on insects as a protein source due to other domesticated options. Hence, the disgust towards entomophagy is a learned emotion that, with greater awareness and cultural integration, could potentially be reversed, opening up new dietary possibilities.
Bryant refers to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization's 2013 report "Edible Insects ...
Global Context of Entomophagy and 2013 UN Report
The cricket farming industry in the United States is gaining momentum as startups aim to introduce entomophagy—an age-old practice of consuming insects that is common in many parts of the world—to the American diet.
Kevin Bachhuber’s journey into cricket farming started after an inspiring trip to Thailand in 2007, where he tasted deep-fried crickets. His experience led him to become one of the pioneers of cricket farming in the United States. After recognizing the potential of crickets as a sustainable protein source, Bachhuber took steps to establish a legal and commercial framework for the industry.
One of Bachhuber’s significant achievements was obtaining the first FDA approval to sell crickets as food in the US. This regulatory milestone allowed his company to introduce cricket-based food products into the US market, paving the way for other cricket farming startups to follow suit.
Chuck Bryant points out that crickets are seen as a promising entry point for entomophagy in the United States. As of now, there are approximately 25 startups in the country focused on cricket farming. Many of these startups are not only farming crickets at a commercial scale but also trying to get people comfortable with the idea by selling home cricket kits. These kits encourage individuals to grow crickets at home and consider incorporatin ...
The Cricket Farming Industry in the Us
Josh Clark and Chuck Bryant delve into the nutritional value and eco-friendly advantages of consuming crickets compared to traditional livestock, backed by compelling evidence and statistics.
Discussing the nutritional content of crickets, the hosts underline their high nutrient density. For 100 grams of crickets, one can get approximately 121 calories, 5.5 grams of carbs, 12.9 grams of protein, 75.8 milligrams of calcium, and 9.5 milligrams of iron. They remark that crickets offer a myriad of health benefits, featuring significant amounts of protein, healthy fats, zinc, iron, and calcium, making them a highly beneficial snack when prepared correctly.
Clark and Bryant highlight the sustainability of cricket farming, noting that crickets are extremely efficient in converting feed into biomass. Indeed, crickets require only 1.7 kilograms of feed to produce one kilogram of live weight, compared to cattle, which may require up to 10 kilograms of feed for the same weight in beef. This efficiency is, in part, due to crickets being cold-blooded.
The hosts emphasize that crickets offer a substantial sustainability advantage over traditional livestock. They are 80% edible and digestible, surpassing the 40% edible rate of cows, which results in a nutrient-dense and less wasteful food source. Furthermore, they require less space, food, water, and energy, making them eco-friendlier.
Crickets thrive in small spaces and can be raised in structures referred to as "cricket high rises," consisting of egg cartons that create a conducive environment for growth. Their lifecycle is brief, with the entire farming process from egg to fully-grown cricket taking approximately seven weeks. Such a rapid turnover is well suited for efficient production, u ...
Nutritional and Sustainability Benefits of Crickets as Food
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