The Stuff You Should Know podcast delves into the evolution of think tanks, organizations intended to provide objective policy research and recommendations. This episode explores how think tanks have transformed from early nonpartisan institutions into entities increasingly aligned with partisan and corporate interests.
While originally designed to operate impartially in the public interest, many modern think tanks now solicit funding from wealthy individuals and corporations, shaping their research to align with those financial backers' agendas. The summary examines the challenges think tanks face in maintaining credibility and independence amid allegations that their research may be "bought and paid for" to advance legislation benefiting funders.
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Think tanks trace their roots back to ancient philosophical gatherings like Plato's Academy. Modern precursors emerged in the 19th and early 20th centuries, like the Royal United Services Institution in the UK and the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in the US. After WWII, think tanks proliferated, serving as research arms to guide government policy.
Early think tanks like Brookings were endowed by philanthropists to provide objective research and policy recommendations in the public interest. As Josh Clark notes, they were designed to operate in a nonpartisan manner and were granted tax-exempt status with the expectation of objectivity and avoiding partisan politics.
Over time, think tanks have become increasingly aligned with political ideologies and corporate interests. Conservative and liberal "advocacy" think tanks have emerged to produce research advancing specific agendas. Many now solicit donations from corporations and wealthy individuals, shaping their research to align with funders' interests rather than impartiality, undermining their original purpose and credibility.
The rise of social media and the fast news cycle has diminished the influence of traditional think tank research, according to Josh Clark. Their increasing reliance on corporate and partisan funding makes it difficult to maintain independence and objectivity. Without transparency around donors, think tanks can advance legislation benefiting funders while self-censoring topics that might upset financial backers, leading scholars to suggest research may be "bought and paid for."
1-Page Summary
The concept of think tanks traces its roots back to philosophical gatherings and has evolved over centuries into formal institutions influencing public policy.
Plato's Academy, considered by some to be the very first think tank, was a hub where great thinkers would convene to ponder fundamental philosophical problems, concerning the essence of reality and existence.
Well before the term "think tank" entered common parlance, institutions like The Royal United Services Institution in the United Kingdom and the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in the United States were founded. These organizations served as precursors to the modern think tank, focusing on research and the synthesis of ideas with the purpose of influencing public policy.
The history and origins of think tanks
The Brookings Institution exemplifies the traditional model of a think tank, but its origins share the same basis as others: they were endowed by philanthropists like Carnegie and Brookings to provide invaluable research and information to support government decision-making.
Think tanks were established with the mission to address substantial societal challenges, such as poverty, and were expected to operate on the basis of their philanthropic objectives.
These institutions were designed to operate in a nonpartisan manner, aiming to further the public good and provide evidence-based, objective policy recommendations to lawmakers free ...
The traditional role and purpose of think tanks
The landscape of think tanks has shifted dramatically, now often reflecting the partisan and agenda-driven interests of their funders rather than serving as nonpartisan centers for policy research.
From their inception as unbiased institutions dedicated to policy research, think tanks have evolved into more polarized entities. A notable shift has been the emergence of advocacy think tanks that are explicitly conservative or liberal and generate research to promote specific ideological agendas.
Podcast hosts have highlighted the increasing influence of donors, suggesting that the research produced these days is often swayed by the political and corporate interests of their funders. Josh Clark pointed out that philanthropic donations are now more targeted and results-oriented, with donors expecting think tanks to further particular agendas, seeking more "bang for their buck."
Think tanks such as the historically centrist Brookings Institution, the left-leaning Center for American Progress, and conservative entities like the Heritage Foundation and ALEC have shifted towards a model heavily influenced by corporate donations and wealthy individuals. This pivot towards alignment with funders' intere ...
The shift towards more partisan and agenda-driven think tanks
The era of information democratization and shifting funding models presents significant challenges for think tanks, affecting their influence, independence, and objectivity.
Josh Clark links the democratization of information via platforms like YouTube to what he calls the death of expertise. The proliferation of voices allows for a multitude of opinions but undermines recognized experts. He notes that think tanks now compete with more immediate, opinionated information sources that can quickly sway public opinion. This fast-paced flow of information has led to a decrease in influence for traditional think tank research, making it more difficult for outlets like Clark and Chuck Bryant's show to conduct the thorough, primary source research that legitimate think tanks usually provide.
The podcast hosts describe 2010 as a pivotal year for think tanks, hinting at alterations in their operations and funding structures. One of the issues they discuss is think tanks that supply model legislation, such as the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), indicating how some think tanks' roles have extended into the realm of lawmaking, affecting their objectivity.
The reliance on private and partisan funding stands out as a major problem for think tanks, as it challenges their independence. Because these institutions are tax-exempt, they aren't required to disclose their financial statements or reveal their donors. This lack of transparency permits think tanks to operate without openly acknowledging the influence of their funders.
Th ...
The challenges facing think tanks, including funding sources and the changing media landscape
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