In this episode of Stuff You Should Know, hosts Chuck Bryant and Josh Clark explore the horrific crimes of Georgia Tann, a woman who operated an illegal adoption scheme through her Memphis orphanage in the 1920s-1950s. The hosts detail how Tann preyed on vulnerable mothers, often stealing their children through deception or outright kidnapping. Tann's powerful enablers, including the corrupt Mayor Ed "Boss" Crump and Judge Camille Kelly, helped her trafficking operation thrive by manipulating laws and records.
Bryant and Clark reveal the depths of Tann's ruthlessness, describing the abuse and neglect suffered by children at her orphanage, and her forging of false backgrounds to sell babies to adoptive families. This episode shines a light on a harrowing chapter in the dark history of adoption practices in the United States.
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Georgia Tann preyed on poor, uneducated mothers, Chuck Bryant reveals, stealing their children by any means, from luring kids into her car to falsely telling mothers their infants had died. Josh Clark adds that Tann would forge attractive backgrounds for babies up for illegal adoption.
While running an orphanage in Memphis, Tann neglected children, leaving many to suffer malnutrition and die, Bryant says. Those seen as unadoptable were particularly mistreated.
To streamline her operations, Tann lobbied to have adoption records sealed, Clark notes. She'd manipulate mothers into unwittingly signing over their newborns and fabricate documents showing willing surrenders to bypass judges. Her lies made it virtually impossible for adoptees to find their birth families.
Memphis Mayor Ed "Boss" Crump's corruption shielded Tann, Bryant explains. Crump's vast influence over the governor delayed releasing an investigation that exposed Tann's crimes until after her death, aiming to undermine Crump.
An estimated 20% of kidnapped children came from unlawful rulings by Judge Camille Kelly, firmly in Tann's pocket. Bryant recounts nuns hiding kids from Kelly to prevent their trafficking to Tann's scheme. Kelly even pushed legislative changes enabling Tann's operations.
1-Page Summary
Georgia Tann’s nefarious actions left a dark shadow on the adoption system by targeting vulnerable families and falsifying records to inefficiently steal and sell thousands of children.
Tann preyed on poor and uneducated mothers, stealing children from these families by any means necessary. She was known to call these women "breeders" and "cows," seeing them as inferior and damaged goods. One notable instance was when Tann visited Rose Harvey, a young mother, and took her two-year-old son Onyx, listing him as an abandoned child with the assistance of her father, who was a judge.
Tann was notorious for driving around in a limousine and luring children into her car. She also went so far as to tell new mothers their infants had died, subsequently stealing the babies.
While adopting children out, Tann ran an orphanage in Memphis where hundreds of babies perished under her purported care. Chuck Bryant reveals that children, particularly those who were not seen as adoptable, suffered from severe malnutrition and sometimes starvation, while those with medical problems were neglected, not receiving necessary treatments or medicines.
Georgia Tann forged a career out of kidnapping babies and fraudulently altering birth records. Josh Clark highlights that she would fabricate attractive backgrounds for the babies up for adoption, like claiming a child was born of a liaison between a socialite and a doctor.
Additionally, Tann took advantage of mothers under anesthesia, having them sign what they assumed were standard hospital forms, which in reality were adoption papers, essentially deceiving them into relinquishing their newborns.
To further her scheme, Tann had records sealed and manipulated laws to stre ...
Georgia Tann's horrifying adoption scheme
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In the shadowy narrative of Georgia Tann's operation, it becomes clear that Tann was not acting alone. Her ability to conduct such treacherous activities was facilitated by collusion with some of Memphis's most influential figures, weaving a web of corruption that extended to the echelons of political and judicial power.
Mayor Ed Crump, known colloquially as Boss Crump, was characterized as a corrupt and powerful figure who was essential in providing cooperation that benefitted Tann. His vast influence reportedly had the capacity to reach even the governor's office, suggesting that his reach was well beyond the confines of his official role in Memphis. Boss Crump's political sway was significant enough that an investigation into Georgia Tann’s orphanage by Governor Gordon Browning was deliberately withheld from the public domain until after Tann's death. This was done, according to Chuck Bryant, not to extend any courtesies to Tann, but rather to undermine Crump by exposing the scandalous activities that had transpired under his political obfuscation.
Browning's investigation was aimed at both bringing justice to Tann’s illicit dealings and chipping away at Boss Crump's standing. Crump’s stereotypical portrayal as a political boss of the era hints at the nefarious alliances he was willing to forge to maintain his grip on power.
The cooperation with Judge Camille Kelly was another dark chapter in this saga. Kelly was portrayed as being firmly in Georgia Tann’s pocket, indicating a deep level of corruption within the judicial system. This collusion resulted in an estimated 20% of the children Tann kidnapped being supplied by Kelly's unlawful rulings.
A telling episode points to the dire nature of Judge Kelly's involvement: at a Catholic orphanage in Memphis, nuns would reportedly hide the most attractive children upon Kelly’s arrival, in an attempt to shield them fr ...
Tann protected by powerful figures
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