In a deeply compelling episode of "Stuff You Should Know," hosts Josh Clark and Chuck Bryant delve into the extraordinary yet troubled life of David Hahn, known as the "Nuclear Boy Scout." Hahn's unique story is a tale that intertwines the spark of boyhood curiosity with the grim consequences of unchecked scientific ambitions. Follow the hosts as they trace his journey from a young, enthusiastic chemistry aficionado to a figure whose ambitious nuclear experiments eventually led to his undoing.
The episode highlights how Hahn's attempts to build a homemade nuclear reactor in his teenage years caught the attention of federal authorities, leading to an extensive decontamination process at his residence. But beyond his scientific achievements, Clark and Bryant expose the subsequent chapters of Hahn's life marred by mental health issues, substance abuse, and an untimely death at the age of 39. "Stuff You Should Know" offers listeners both a fascinating exploration of an incredible scientific pursuit and a poignant reflection on the human cost of a genius lost too soon.
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David's adulthood was marked by the challenges of mental illness and substance abuse that intertwine to contribute to his early demise at age 39. Post-EPA cleanup, he descended into a deep depression, exacerbated by the mockery of his high school peers who called him "Radioactive Boy". His subsequent military service in the Navy and Marines did not provide a lasting foundation for a stable life post-discharge, as he grappled with unemployment. In his 30s, David was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia and depression and developed an addiction to cocaine among other substances. In 2010, his drug issues led to a rehab stint after drug charges. In a tragic culmination of his struggles, he succumbed to a lethal combination of alcohol, fentanyl, and Benadryl.
From childhood, David's interest in chemistry and radioactivity, sparked by a chemistry book he received at age 10, propelled him towards increasingly perilous experiments. His creation of nitroglycerin at 14, igniting a fire with powdered magnesium at a Boy Scout camp, and causing a home laboratory mishap with his self-tanning lotion attempt are examples of his risky scientific endeavors. His home environment suffered from his experiments, resulting in a ban imposed by his parents. Relocating his operations to his mother's potting shed in Golf Manor did little to dampen his exploratory spirit but eventually led to government intervention. This sequence of events is a vivid illustration of a young, unchecked curiosity evolving into hazardous undertakings.
David's remarkable venture into nuclear physics began with his pursuit of the Atomic Energy merit badge as a Boy Scout, spurring him to construct a neutron gun using americium extracted from smoke detectors. His quest continued with the attempt to build his very own "breeder" reactor. David solicited supplies from various sources, including significant guidance from Donald Erb, an NRC official he deceived into thinking he was a professional. His efforts included acquiring materials such as thorium and lithium from unconventional sources and trying to procure uranium for his experiments. At 17 years old, David established a homemade breeder reactor in his mother's potting shed, unaware he was producing perilous levels of radiation. When federal authorities discovered the reactor, they deemed his house a superfund site due to the extreme radiation being emitted, necessitating a costly cleanup operation. The dismantling of the reactor and contamination site mitigated the risk his homemade nuclear venture posed to public safety.
1-Page Summary
David’s adulthood was fraught with personal battles, from mental health issues to struggles with addiction, which ultimately led to his premature death.
After the EPA cleanup of his radiation-emitting materials, David fell into a deep depression. The echo of his past followed him into the hallways of his school, where he was cruelly nicknamed "Radioactive Boy" by his high school classmates, likely aggravating his mental distress.
In search of a fresh start, David joined the Navy and served for several years with an honorable discharge, followed by a stint in the Marines. However, the stability of military life did not transition into civilian life where he later found himself unemployed and at a loss for direction and steady work.
By 2007, entering his 30s, David's situation had grown more dire. He was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia and depression, mental illnesses that intertwined ...
Mental Illness and Substance Abuse
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David’s childhood curiosity in chemistry and radioactivity set him on a path that would both inspire future scientists and lead to dangerous and uncontrolled experiments.
Taylor Wilson, who later became a nuclear physicist, drew inspiration from David’s early life story, indicating that David’s interest in chemistry and radioactivity began when he was quite young.
By the time he was 14, David had already made nitroglycerin, a task known more for its high level of risk than its complexity. Showing little regard for safety, he ambitiously began to bring his experiments outside of his personal workspace.
David's fascination with creating his own fireworks led him to bring powdered magnesium to a Boy Scout camp, which resulted in a destructive fire that damaged a tent.
Back at home, his experimental streak continued to cause trouble; an attempt to create a self-tanning lotion without UV radiation led not to bronzed skin, but to his skin turning an unhealthy shade of orange due to a Canthaxanthin overdose. His bedroom became a victim of his science forays, sustaining serious damage with stained carpets and ruined walls that ultimately led his parents to banish his experiments first to the basement and then alt ...
Childhood Chemistry Experiments
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In an extraordinary tale, David, a Boy Scout working towards his Atomic Energy merit badge, embarked on a journey that would lead him to build his own makeshift nuclear reactor.
David chose the Atomic Energy badge, introduced in 1963, to earn his Eagle Scout, driven by a long-standing interest in starting a nuclear chain reaction. The merit badge pamphlet, which had extensive information on radioactive elements and starting a reactor, became a critical resource for him.
David was inspired by the Atomic Energy merit badge tasks to construct a neutron gun using radioactive material from smoke detectors. He tried stealing the detectors from a Boy Scout camp but was caught. Undeterred, he later successfully acquired 100 broken smoke detectors under the guise of a school project. He extracted the americium using methods learned from a helpful company and welded it with a blowtorch.
Using the americium from the neutron gun and corresponding with Donald Erb, an NRC official, David crafted what was essentially a mini reactor core. Under the pretense of being a professor, he sought information and supplies from various sources, unknowingly gaining substantial assistance from Donald Erb.
Unable to find natural uranium with a Geiger counter in Michigan, he decided to purchase pure uranium from a Czechoslovakian firm, sourcing thorium from gas lantern mantles, and lithium from batteries. David also acquired tritium from gun sights using a method suggested by Erb.
At age 17, his experimentation culminated in the construction of a breeder reactor in his mother's potting shed. This creation was emitting dangerous levels of radiation which were detectable in the surrounding neighborhood.
Building a Nuclear Reactor
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