Podcasts > Hidden Brain > Dropping the Mask

Dropping the Mask

By Hidden Brain Media

In this Hidden Brain episode, Kenji Yoshino explores the phenomenon of marginalized individuals disguising aspects of their identity to conform to societal norms. The episode delves into Yoshino's personal struggles with concealing his sexuality, as well as strategies used by prominent figures like Franklin D. Roosevelt and Margaret Thatcher to downplay perceived weaknesses.

Yoshino shares findings from research at Deloitte highlighting the professional and personal costs of concealing one's authentic identity. He also examines how the pressure to "cover" non-dominant traits transcends specific marginalized groups, revealing the universal need for belonging through authenticity.

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Dropping the Mask

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Dropping the Mask

1-Page Summary

Strategies For Disguising Identity

Kenji Yoshino explains how powerful individuals have modified aspects of their identity to conform to societal norms and expectations, not due to self-hatred but pragmatic concerns. Examples include:

  • Franklin D. Roosevelt obscured his polio disability using waist-up photos and a modified car.
  • Margaret Thatcher underwent vocal coaching to develop a more patrician, resonant voice.
  • Ben Kingsley changed his name from Krishna Banji to broaden his appeal.

Motivations For Disguising Identity

Yoshino shares his personal struggles with concealing his gay identity:

  • He once hoped his sexuality would "go away" and even had a girlfriend.
  • His parents urged him to keep his orientation private due to fear of backlash.
  • A colleague advised being a "homosexual professional" for an easier path to tenure.

The Personal and Professional Costs Of Disguising Identity

Yoshino's research at Deloitte found:

  • 61% concealed identity aspects, 60-73% felt it somewhat to extremely detrimental.
  • 53% said leaders expected covering, half said it diminished workplace commitment.

Yoshino faced depression at Oxford, praying to become straight. He rejected a chair named after someone involved in Japanese American internment, feeling it would force him to cover his identity.

The Universal Nature of the Need to "Cover"

Covering transcends marginalized groups - Yoshino notes 45% of straight, white men reported covering traits like veteran status or mental illness. He stresses everyone faces pressure to downplay non-dominant identities in certain cultures.

Sharing authentic stories fosters belonging and empowerment, as Yoshino experienced hiding his sexuality from loved ones out of rejection fears.

1-Page Summary

Additional Materials

Actionables

  • You can start a personal journal to reflect on instances where you've felt pressured to cover aspects of your identity. Write about these experiences, how they made you feel, and what the outcomes were. This self-reflection can help you become more aware of your actions and decisions related to identity covering and may empower you to make changes that align with your authentic self.
  • Create a "No Covering" challenge with friends or colleagues where for one week, you consciously avoid downplaying any non-dominant identities you hold. Share your experiences and feelings in a supportive group setting at the end of the week. This can help build a sense of community and encourage open discussions about the pressures of covering.
  • Develop a personal "identity resume" that lists all the aspects of your identity you feel are important, including those you've felt the need to cover. Use this resume as a reminder of your authentic self and as a tool to initiate conversations with others about the value of diverse identities. This can help foster a culture of belonging and empowerment in your personal and professional networks.

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Dropping the Mask

Strategies For Disguising Identity

Kenji Yoshino provides insights into the concept of "cosmetic adjustment," emphasizing that various influential figures historically have modified aspects of their identity, not out of self-hate or a lack of pride, but to meet societal expectations.

Powerful Individuals Often Conceal Their Identity

Powerful figures have often taken steps to conform to societal norms or to augment their appeal and presence in the public eye, which include Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Margaret Thatcher, and Ben Kingsley.

Roosevelt Hid Disability With Waist-Up Photos and Modified Car

Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who had a motor disability from polio, strategically managed his public image to minimize attention to his disability. He orchestrated appearances by sitting behind a desk before others entered the room and ensured photographs captured only his upper body, obscuring the fact that he depended on a wheelchair. Additionally, he had a car specially designed to be operated solely with hands, allowing him to demonstrate independence and capability.

Thatcher Had Voice Coaching to Lower and Refine Her Accent for Executive Presence

Margaret Thatcher underwent voice coaching to refine her accent, upon the advice of her handlers. With aspirations for the role of Prime Minister, she aimed to transform her working-class accent, which some believed to be a disadvantage. Through coaching ...

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Strategies For Disguising Identity

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Clarifications

  • A "patrician" typically denotes a person of noble or high social rank, often associated with wealth, privilege, and aristocratic lineage. In the context of Margaret Thatcher's voice coaching, developing a "patrician" voice suggests refining her accent to sound more sophisticated and upper-class. This transformation aimed to enhance her authority and presence in political settings.
  • Typecasting in the theater world is when actors are repeatedly cast in similar roles based on their appearance, background, or previous performances. This can limit an actor's opportunities to showcase their range and versati ...

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Dropping the Mask

Motivations For Disguising Identity

Kenji Yoshino’s personal journey demonstrates various motivations behind concealing one's identity, primarily focusing on his struggles with coming to terms with his sexuality and the external pressures that influenced his choices.

Reasons For Identity Disguise

Initially Hiding His Sexuality, Kenji Yoshino Once Had a Girlfriend, Hoping His Identity Would "Go Away."

Kenji Yoshino, during a phase in his youth, hoped that his gay identity would "go away." To facilitate this change, he had a girlfriend, representing an attempt to alter his identity to conform to societal expectations. Yoshino used academic pursuits, like poetry, as a refuge to express his experiences ambiguously, without directly exposing his identity. While in England, he even prayed for conversion to heterosexuality, highlighting the deep internal conflict between his true self and societal norms.

Kenji's Parents Urged Him to Keep His Sexual Orientation Private Due to Fear of Backlash

When a New York Times article was about to be published discussing Yoshino as an openly gay man, despite his parents being aware of his sexual orientation, they expressed concern over the public disclosure. His mother was particularly worried about the potential social repercussions and even feared being ostracized in Japan, a country with a less accepting view on gay rights at that time. Yoshino's parents advised him to keep his sexual orientation private to protect him from possible hate mail and discrimination, reflecting their understanding of the stigma and adversities connected with revealing one's sexuality.

Heading: Kenji's Colleague Advised Hi ...

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Motivations For Disguising Identity

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Actionables

  • Explore creative writing as a subtle outlet for personal experiences by starting a private journal or blog. Writing can be a therapeutic way to process your feelings and experiences without openly discussing them. For instance, you might write poems or short stories that draw on your emotions and situations, allowing you to express yourself indirectly.
  • Develop a personal code for when and how to share aspects of your identity by reflecting on your values and comfort levels. Create a list of scenarios where you feel safe and choose to be open, and others where you prefer to remain private. This could include deciding to share your identity with close friends but not with colleagues, or being open in social settings but discreet in professional ones.
  • Seek out role models who navigate their pers ...

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Dropping the Mask

The Personal and Professional Costs Of Disguising Identity

Yoshino identifies the societal demands for downplaying or editing aspects of identity, outlining the personal and professional costs associated with identity concealment and indicating there is still a need for progress toward full equality.

Identity Concealment's Impact on Self and Community Commitment

Kenji Yoshino conducted empirical research with colleagues at Deloitte on the concept of covering and its impact on individuals.

Kenji's Survey: 61% Concealed Identity Aspects, 60-73% Found It Somewhat To Extremely Detrimental

Yoshino's survey, which included 3,129 respondents across various sectors of the Fortune 500 companies, revealed that 61% of individuals reported covering their identities. Of those, between 60 to 73% felt that covering was somewhat to extremely detrimental to their sense of self. Furthermore, 53% of respondents said their leaders expected them to cover, and half of these individuals reported that this expectation somewhat to extremely diminished their commitment to their workplace or their community there.

Kenji Struggled With Depression and Considered Converting At Oxford to Fit Societal Expectations

While at Oxford, Kenji Yoshino became deeply depressed, praying for conversion to heterosexuality in an effort to fit societal expectations. This period in his life highlights the personal toll that concealing his identity took on his mental health.

Kenji Rejected a Prestigious Chair Named After Earl Warren, Who Oversaw Japanese American Internment, Feeling ...

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The Personal and Professional Costs Of Disguising Identity

Additional Materials

Actionables

  • You can start a personal journal to reflect on instances where you feel pressured to conceal aspects of your identity. By writing down these experiences, you'll gain clarity on when and why you cover, which can be the first step toward embracing your full identity. For example, note down a situation at work where you felt you couldn't express a personal belief or a cultural practice you avoided sharing with friends, and reflect on the emotions and consequences of those actions.
  • Create a "True Self" board, similar to a vision board, where you visually represent all the aspects of your identity that you value. Use images, quotes, and symbols that resonate with your authentic self. This can serve as a daily reminder of who you are and what's important to you, helping to reinforce your commitment to not covering those aspects of yourself. For instance, if you're passionate about environmental activism but haven't expressed that at work, include images of nature and quotes from environmental leaders.
  • Engage in small acts of authenticity, where you share a piece of your true self in situations whe ...

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Dropping the Mask

The Universal Nature of the Need to "Cover"

Kenji Yoshino delves into the concept of 'covering,' exploring it as a universal struggle affecting all groups, not just marginalized ones, and underscores the fundamental need for belonging and sharing authentic stories.

Identity Pressure Affects all Groups, Not Only Marginalized Ones

Yoshino sheds light on the widespread nature of covering, which is not exclusive to any one demographic but impacts individuals from all backgrounds.

45% of Straight, White Men Reported Covering Aspects of Identity

A survey highlighted by Kenji Yoshino revealed that covering transcends traditional notions of marginalized populations, with 45% of straight, white men reporting that they cover aspects of their identity. Yoshino was not surprised by this figure, as straight, white men have spoken to him about the diverse traits they feel compelled to conceal, ranging from age and socioeconomic background to mental or physical illnesses, religion, and veteran status. He emphasizes that covering is a universal phenomenon because everyone possesses traits that are not dominant, which may lead to pressure to cover regardless of their dominant characteristics.

Covering Traits and Behaviors Uncelebrated In Certain Work Cultures

Yoshino uses introversion as an example of an identity often covered due to the prevailing ideal that a leader should be extroverted. He contrasts this with the acknowledgment of introverted historical leaders like James Madison and Abraham Lincoln, suggesting that great leadership does not require extroversion. Furthermore, he explains how a new mother might hesitate to display pictures of her children in a hard-driving workplace, highlighting social science research that indicates women suffer a motherhood penalty, being perceived as less committed ...

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The Universal Nature of the Need to "Cover"

Additional Materials

Actionables

  • Start a personal 'cover story' journal to track moments when you feel the need to conceal parts of your identity. By writing down instances when you feel pressured to cover, you can identify patterns and situations that trigger this behavior. For example, if you notice you're covering your introversion during meetings, you might decide to prepare one point to share ahead of time to ensure your voice is heard without feeling overwhelmed.
  • Create a 'traits affirmation' deck with cards that celebrate diverse aspects of your personality, including those that are less dominant or celebrated in your work culture. Each card can have a positive affirmation related to a trait, such as "My introversion allows me to listen deeply and think before I speak, adding value to my team." Use these cards daily to remind yourself of the value your unique traits bring to different situations.
  • Organ ...

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